Genetic Engineering

Question 1

What is genetic engineering

Answer 1

The process which involves modifying the genome of an organism by introducing a gene from another organism to giver a desired characteristic

Question 2

Why might plant crops be genetically engineered

Answer 2

To be resistant to diseases
Produce bigger better fruits

Question 3

Why might bacteria be genetically engineered

Answer 3

To produce useful substances such as human insulin to treat diabetes

Question 4

What are the steps of genetic engineering

Answer 4

Enzymes are used to isolate/ cut out the required gene
This is inserted into a vector, usually a plasmid or a virus
The vector is used to insert the gene into the required cells
Genes are transferred to the cells of animals, plants or microorganisms at an early stage so they develop with the desired characteristics This

Question 5

What are the pros of gm crops

Answer 5

Increase yield
Crops can be made resistant to insect attacks or herbicides
They can be given to people in developing countries who lack nutrients
There is possibility that in the future there can be genetic modification to overcome inherited dissorders

Question 6

What are the disadvantages of GM crops

Answer 6

Could affect populations of wild flowers and insects
Could cause damage to human health
The gm crop could get out into the natural environment and take over