genetics

Question 1

pedigree diagrams

Answer 1

used to demonstrate how genetic disorders are inherited

Question 2

autosome

Answer 2

any chromosome that is not an x-chromosome

Question 3

epistasis

Answer 3

when one gene masks the effect of another gene

Question 4

codominance

Answer 4

both alleles are expressed equally in heterozygote

Question 5

incomplete dominance

Answer 5

effect of recessive allele is not completely hidden by dominant gene

Question 6

sex-linked inheritence

Answer 6

gene located in the x chromosomes

Question 7

dihybrid cross

Answer 7

inheritance of variation involving 2 pairs of contrasting traits

Question 8

types of genes

Answer 8

1. structural gene
2. regulatory gene

Question 9

structural gene

Answer 9

codes for protein, enzyme, or RNA not involved in gene regulation

Question 10

regulatory gene

Answer 10

involved in controlling the expression of one or more genes

Question 11

inducible enzymes

Answer 11

produced under specific conditions

Question 12

repressible enzymes

Answer 12

generally produced continually, but can be stopped

Question 13

albinism

Answer 13

• recessive monohybrid
• mutation in TYR gene
• white hair, light skin, pink eyes
• carrier possible

Question 14

sickle cell anemia

Answer 14

• mutation in HBB gene
• no carrier possible
• heart and kidney problems, fatigue, swelling

Question 15

haemophilia

Answer 15

• sex-linked
• carrier possible
• defects in F8 gene
• excessive bleeding,

Question 16

huntington’s disease

Answer 16

• autosomal dominant on chromosome 4
• mutation in HTT gene
• no carrier possible