GI Pathologies

Question 1

Viral Gastroenteritis (stomach flu) Cause

Answer 1

Inflammation of the stomach and Small intestines

Question 2

Viral Gastroenteritis (stomach flu) S&S

Answer 2

• diarrhea
• nausea
• repeated emesis
• fever (body aches, muscle pain, chills)

Question 3

Viral Gastroenteritis (stomach flu) Treatment

Answer 3

• OTC antiperistaltic drug or bismuth compound
• hydration
• diet

Question 4

Viral Gastroenteritis (stomach flu) RTP

Answer 4

• symptoms have resolved
• demonstrate adequate hydration
• demonstrate adequate nutrition

Question 5

Food Poisoning cause

Answer 5

Bacterial infection caused by improperly cooked, stored, or handled food

Question 6

Food Poisoning S&S

Answer 6

May present 4-6 hrs or 3-10 days after ingestion
- fever
- nausea
- emesis
- diarrhea
- abdominal cramps

Question 7

Food Poisoning Treatment

Answer 7

• OTC antiperistaltic drug or bismuth compound
• OTC antiemetic
• Antibiotic
• hydration
• diet

Question 8

Food Poisoning RTP

Answer 8

• symptoms have resolved
• demonstrate adequate hydration
• demonstrate adequate nutrition

Question 9

Acid Reflux Disorder Cause

Answer 9

Stomach acid in the esophagus or back of the throat caused by (food, meds, fam history, obesity, exercise, behavioral disorder)

Question 10

Acid Reflux Disorder S&S

Answer 10

• chest pain
• belching
• chronic coughing
• laryngitis

Question 11

Acid Reflux Disorder Treatment

Answer 11

• OTC antacids & H2 receptor antagonist
• change in diet
• change in lifestyle

Question 12

Acid Reflux Disorder RTP

Answer 12

as tolerated with diet modifications

Question 13

Peptic Ulcer Disease Cause

Answer 13

Ulcer in the lining of the stomach or duodenum
Caused by:
- NSAIDs
- spicy food
- stress

Question 14

Peptic Ulcer Disease S&S

Answer 14

• pain between naval and breast bone
• pain after meals that change w/ food
• loss of appetite
• weight loss
• emesis

Question 15

Peptic Ulcer Disease Treatment

Answer 15

• OTC antacids & H2 receptor antagonists
• change in diet
  change in lifestyle

Question 16

Peptic Ulcer Disease RTP

Answer 16

As tolerated with diet modifications

Question 17

Appendicitis Cause

Answer 17

Acute obstruction and inflammation of the appendix

Question 18

Appendicitis S&S

Answer 18

• general umbilicus pain
• McBurneys point
• anorexia
• emesis
• diarrhea
• psoas sign
• obturator sign
• rovsing sign

Question 19

Appendicitis Treatment

Answer 19

Surgical emergency

Question 20

Appendicitis RTP

Answer 20

surgeon clearance

Question 21

Cholecystitis Cause

Answer 21

Inflammation of the gallbladder, typically paired with gallstones

Question 22

Cholecystitis S&S

Answer 22

• RUQ pain
• Jaundice
• fat intolerance
• anorexia
• emesis
• fever
• murphy’s sign

Question 23

Cholecystitis Treatment

Answer 23

Surgical removal

Question 24

Cholecystitis RTP

Answer 24

Surgeon clearance

Question 25

Chrons Disease & Ulcerative Colitis Cause

Answer 25

Severe inflammatory bowel diseases: - Chrons: affects small intestine - Ulcerative Colitis: affects colon

Question 26

Chrons Disease & Ulcerative Colitis S&S

Answer 26

- Chronic abdominal pain - cramping - weight loss - bloody diarrhea - anemia

Question 27

Chrons Disease & Ulcerative Colitis Treatment

Answer 27

Lifestyle management: - increase fluid intake - small meals throughout the day - avoid high fiber & greasy/fatty foods - stress management - Bowel restriction - NSAIDs

Question 28

Celiac Disease Cause

Answer 28

An autoimmune disorder that causes damage to the lining of small intestines resulting in nutritional malabsorption

Question 29

Celiac Disease S&S

Answer 29

Diffuse: - fam hx - anemia - bone density - weight loss - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distension

Question 30

Celiac Disease Treatment

Answer 30

- education - dietary change

Question 31

Celiac Disease RTP

Answer 31

- no restriction - treat as symptoms appear

Question 32

Irritable Bowel Syndrome Cause

Answer 32

cause unknown (affects people in their 20s by stress and heredity)

Question 33

Irritable Bowel Syndrome S&S

Answer 33

- diarrhea - constipation - upper abdominal bloating - urgency with bowel movements

Question 34

Irritable Bowel Syndrome Treatment

Answer 34

- high fiber diets - stress management - laxatives, hyperosmotic agents, antiperistaltic agents, bismuth

Question 35

Hernia Cause

Answer 35

protrusion on the abdominal viscera through the abdominal wall Caused by direct blow or repeated straining

Question 36

Hernia S&S

Answer 36

- pain and discomfort - protrusion

Question 37

Hernia Treatment

Answer 37

referral

Question 38

Hemorrhoids Cause

Answer 38

- painful swollen veins in the lower portion of the rectum or anus - commonly caused by straining during bowel movements or sitting for periods of time

Question 39

Hemorrhoids S&S

Answer 39

- itching - anal pain - pain w/ sitting - bright red blood on toiler paper - bloody stool - hard tender lumps near anus

Question 40

Hemorrhoids Treatment

Answer 40

- OTC corticosteroid creams - hemorrhoid cream w/ lidocaine - wear cotton underwear - avoid scratching - surgery

Question 41

Reyes Syndrome Cause

Answer 41

Occurring in children taking aspirin, have metabolic disorders, or are recovering from viral infections (affects the liver and brain)

Question 42

Reyes Syndrome S&S

Answer 42

- diarrhea - rapid breathing - vomiting - severe fatigue - confusion - LOC - seizures

Question 43

Reyes Syndrome Treatment

Answer 43

Immediate referral