Gen Med > Respiratory Pathologies > Flashcards

Respiratory Pathologies Flashcards

(34 cards)

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1
Q

Asthma

A

Chronic airway obstruction

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2
Q

Asthma S&S

A
  • shortness of breath
  • dyspnea
  • wheezing
  • dry cough
  • productive cough
  • tachypnea
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3
Q

Asthma Treatment

A
  • inhaled beta-agonist
  • nebulizer
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4
Q

Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm

A

Aerobic exercise can trigger airway hyperreactivity

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5
Q

Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm S&S

A
  • shortness of breath
  • dyspnea
  • wheezing
  • dry cough
  • productive cough
  • tachypnea
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6
Q

Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm Treatment

A
  • inhaled beta-agonist before workout
  • pre-warmup burst of physical activity
  • nebulizer
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7
Q

Hyperventilation

A

Increase respiratory rate leading to decrease blood CO2

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8
Q

Hyperventilation S&S

A
  • light-headedness
  • numbness or tingling
  • air hunger
  • anxious
  • increase respiratory rate
  • shallow breathing
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9
Q

Hyperventilation Treatment

A

allow for rebreathing to increase CO2 intake

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10
Q

Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

A

viral infection affecting the URTI

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11
Q

Upper Respiratory Tract Infection S&S

A
  • fever
  • cough
  • nasal congestion
  • sore throat
  • runny nose
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12
Q

Upper Respiratory Tract Infection Treatment

A
  • rest & fluids
  • cough suppressants
  • decongestion
  • antihistamine
  • NSAIDs
  • Vitamin C
  • ZInc
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13
Q

Upper Respiratory Tract Infection RTP

A
  • continue activity unless symptoms are severe
  • no exercise w/ fever
  • moderate activity during severe symptoms
  • generally lasts 7-14 days
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14
Q

Bronchitis

A

Chronic or acute inflammatory condition of the bronchial passage

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15
Q

Bronchitis S&S

A
  • URTI
  • productive cough
  • mild shortness of breath
  • chest tightness
  • auscultation of crackles or rhonchi
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16
Q

Bronchitis Treatment

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A
  • Rest
  • cough suppressants
  • NSAIDs
  • Fluids
17
Q

Bronchitis RTP

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A
  • Acute can last 7-14 days
  • play as tolerated once afebrile
18
Q

Pneumonia

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A

any condition that results in the inflammation of the lung parenchyma from viral, bacterial, or fungal pathogens

19
Q

Pneumonia S&S

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A
  • short/labored breath
  • chest pain
  • productive cough dark discolored sputum
  • diaphragmatic irritation
  • advantageous breath sounds
20
Q

Pneumonia Treatment

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A
  • Antibiotics
  • hydration
  • mucolytis
  • cough suppressants
  • hospitalization if extreme
21
Q

Influenza

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A

Viral bronchitis due to influenza A or B (acute onset)

22
Q

Influenza S&S

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A
  • headaches
  • cough
  • sore throat
  • chills
  • myalgia
  • malaise
  • fever over 100.5
  • ill appearance
  • red, watery eyes
  • tender cervical lymph nodes
23
Q

Influenza Treatment

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A

treatment decreases duration and severity

24
Q

COVID-19 S&S

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A
  • fever or chills
  • cough
  • shortness of breath
  • fatigue
  • muscle/body aches
  • headaches
  • ness loss in taste or smell
  • sore throat
  • congestion or runny nose
  • diarrhea
25
COVID-19 Treatment
- wash hands, wear mask, clean surfaces - stay home - monitor & treat symptoms - isolate
26
Pneumothorax
gas or air that is trapped in the chest wall between the parietal and visceral pleura that causes lungs to collapse
27
Pneumothorax S&S
- sudden onset of chest pain - dyspnea - tachypnea - mild respiratory distress - trachea shifts away from affected lung
28
Pneumothorax Treatment
refer immediately, a physician will remove the air from the pleural space allowing the lungs to reexpand
29
Pneumothorax RTP
- when healing of underlying cause has completed - no air travel for 1 week after chest tube has been removed - progress over 1 week to unrestricted participation
30
Hemothorax
serious condition that occurs when blood collects in the pleural space Caused by: - typically results from trauma
31
Hemothorax S&S
- chest pain - dyspnea that worsens rapidly
32
Hemothorax RTP
- when healing of underlying cause has completed - no air travel for 1 week after chest tube is removed - progress over 1 week to unrestricted participation
33
Lung Cancer S&S
- cough w/ or w.out bloody sputum - fever - fatigue - weight loss - loss of appetite - chest pain - shortness of breath - pneumonia
34
Lung Cancer Treatment
- radiotherapy - chemotherapy - surgical removal - palliative therapy
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