Globalisation and Development

Question 1

Describe the distribution of poverty map

Answer 1

India has a lot of poverty and so appears larger on the map where Australia has less and so appears smaller

Question 2

Give four descriptors of development

Answer 2

• Positive change over time
• Modern idea of progress
• Growth in industry, urbanisation and standard of living
• Economic, social and environmental change over time

Question 3

Define ‘development gap’

Answer 3

Social and economic disparity between the wealthy and the poor can be compared internationally and between local regions

Question 4

Give four benefits of migration on the host region

Answer 4

• fills skill shortages e.g. Indian doctors to the UK in the 1950s
• Economic migrants do work that locals are reluctant to do e.g. Polish workers on farms around Petersborough
• Working migrants spend wages on rent and local economy
• Some migrants are ambitious entrepreneurs who establish new businesses e.g. in 2013, 14% of UK business start ups were migrant owned

Question 5

Give four disadvantages of migration on the host region

Answer 5

• social tension e.g. adopted by UKIP party
• political parties change policies to address public concerns
• shortages to primary schools due to natural increase
• new markets develop for ethnic food changes the urban built environment

Question 6

Give four advantages of migration on the source region

Answer 6

• migrant remittances e.g. in 2014, remittances made up 25% of Nepal’s national earnings
• less public spending on housing and health e.g. in 2004, prior to joining the EU unemployment was 20% and has since halved
• migrants or their children may return and bring new skills
• some government spending cuts transferred to host region

Question 7

Give five disadvantages of migration on the source region

Answer 7

• economic loss
• reduced economic growth as consumption falls
• increase in proportion of aged dependents and long term economic challenge it creates
• closure of some uni courses as a result of brain drain
• closure of urban services and entertainment

Question 8

Describe the gini coefficient

Answer 8

Shows income disparity, a high result shows that wealth is concentrated among a few which is bad e.g. Botswana = 0.63 but Sweden = 0.23