halogenation

Question 1

what type of halogenation involves Br2

Answer 1

Bromination

Question 2

what would happen if a different halogen/alkene was used

Answer 2

the steps would be exactly the same, only a different product would form

Question 3

what test does bromination explain

Answer 3

the bromine water test

Question 4

draw the reaction mechanism for bromination

Question 5

1) what happens as the Br molecule approaches the C=C bond

Answer 5

The electron rich π bond(in the C=C bond in ethene) induces a temporary dipole in the Br molecule

Question 6

2) what happens to the electrons in the Br-Br bond and what does this cause

Answer 6

They are pushed away(repelled), making the nearer Br atom δ⁺ (electron deficient) and the further Br atom becomes δ⁻ (electron rich)

Question 7

3) what does Brδ⁺ do and what happens at the same time

Answer 7

It acts as an electrophile. The electron pair from the π bond attacks Brδ⁺. At the same time, the electron pair in the Br-Br bond moves entirely onto Brδ⁻, causing the bond to break heterolytically.

Question 8

4) what happens to the carbon atoms in the C=C bond

Answer 8

One carbon on the C=C bond forms a bond to Br, the other one becomes a carbocation.

Question 9

5) what is now formed

Answer 9

an intermediate containing a carbocation is formed, a bromonium ion

Question 10

6) what happen to Brδ⁻

Answer 10

Brδ⁻ becomes a bromide ion and acts as a nucleophile, attacking the carbocation in the bromonium ion

Question 11

7) what product formed

Answer 11

a stable product has formed 1,2-dibromoethane(a HALOALKANE)

Question 12

are nucleophiles exclusive to nucleophilic substitution

Answer 12

no

Question 13

bromination turns alkenes into

Answer 13

Haloalkanes