hydrologic cycle

Question 1

is when water falls from the sky to the ground.

Answer 1

precipitation

Question 2

is the water that flows over the ground after it rains.

Answer 2

Surface runoff

Question 3

is when water soaks into the ground from the surface.

Answer 3

Infiltration

Question 4

is when that water moves deeper through the soil and rocks underground.

Answer 4

Percolation

Question 5

is when water turns into vapor (gas) and goes up into the air, like when puddles dry up under the sun.

Answer 5

Evaporation

Question 6

is a mix of evaporation and transpiration (the process where plants release water vapor from their leaves).

Answer 6

Evapotranspiration

Question 7

is the process by which water vapor in the air changes into liquid water when the air is cooled to its dew point.

Answer 7

Condensation

Question 8

The total amount of water in the planet, also known as Earth’s

Answer 8

water budget

Question 9

is a body of saline water, such as the ocean, which holds most of Earth’s water, or saline groundwater

Answer 9

saltwater reservoir

Question 10

These are landlocked bodies of water with a salt concentration higher than that of seawater

Answer 10

Saline and hypersaline lakes

Question 11

is the body of salt water that covers approximately 70.8% of Earth.

Answer 11

Oceans

Question 12

is a natural or man-made body of water used to store water for various purposes, such as drinking, agriculture, and flood control.

Answer 12

freshwater reservoir

Question 13

is a permanent body of ice, which consists largely of recrystallized snow.

Answer 13

glacier

Question 14

is a mass of glacial land ice extending more than 50,000 km²

Answer 14

ice sheet

Question 15

is an artificial or natural body of water where water is collected and stored, usually by building a dam or embankment to block a river’s flow, or by excavating land in low-lying areas.

Answer 15

surface water reservoir

Question 16

is a natural, flowing body of water, confined by banks and a bed.

Answer 16

Streams

Question 17

is a distinct semi-aquatic ecosystem whose groundcovers are flooded or saturated in water, either permanently, for years or decades, or only seasonally.

Answer 17

Wetlands

Question 18

refers to a low-lying, soft, wet area of land dominated by grasses and other herbaceous plants, rather than trees, and serves as a transition zone between land and water.

Answer 18

Marsh

Question 18

is a type of forested wetland characterized by mineral soils with poor drainage and waterlogged conditions that support tree and shrub growth

Answer 18

Swamp

Question 19

is a partially enclosed, coastal water body where freshwater from rivers and streams mixes with salt water from the ocean.

Answer 19

estuary

Question 20

is a natural event wherein an area that is usually dry is submerged under water.

Answer 20

floods

Question 21

Types of Floods

Answer 21

fluvial, flashfloods, pluvial, coastal flooding, groundwater

Question 22

is freshwater found in the rock and soil layers beneath the surface.

Answer 22

Groundwater

Question 23

is a cross-section that shows the layers of rock and soil and the depth of the groundwater, or water table, within them.

Answer 23

groundwater profile

Question 24

is a zone in which the spaces between the particles are filled mainly with air

Answer 24

zone of aeration or unsaturated zone

Question 25

The boundary between the zone of aeration and the zone of saturation is the

Answer 25

water table

Question 26

Directly above the water table is a layer called

Answer 26

capillary fringe

Question 27

is a body of permeable rock that can contain or transmit groundwater.

Answer 27

aquifer

Question 28

is a well that draws water from a confined aquifer under natural pressure, causing the water to rise to the surface and even flow out without the need for a pump.

Answer 28

artesian well

Question 29

is a place where groundwater flows out of the ground

Answer 29

spring

Question 30

is the average length of time spent by water molecule in a reservoir

Answer 30

residence time

Question 30

is the ability of the rock or sediments to allow water to pass through it.

Answer 30

Permeability