immunity

Question 1

This system sends messages back and forth between the brain and the body.

Answer 1

nervous system

Question 2

The nervous system includes

Answer 2

the brain, spinal cord, and a complex network of nerves

Question 2

is the capability of multicellular organisms to resist harmful microorganisms.

Answer 2

Immunity

Question 2

Immunity that is present at birth and lasts a person’s entire life.

Answer 2

Innate immunity

Question 3

It is also known as acquired immunity. A subsystem of the immune system that is composed of specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate pathogens or prevent their growth.

Answer 3

Adaptive immunity

Question 4

are like superheroes of the immune system, but they do not kill the pathogens directly.

Answer 4

Antibodies

Question 5

is exhibited when antibodies are produced by one’s own body as a response to antigens.

Answer 5

Active immunity

Question 6

This type of immunity though is short term since it is not triggered by an antigen. When the antibodies die, the immunity also expires

Answer 6

passive immunity

Question 7

are neurons tightly bound to each other by a connective tissue.

Answer 7

Nerves

Question 7

has a cell body containing a nucleus and other organelles.

Answer 7

neuron

Question 8

are made up of groups of cell bodies.

Answer 8

ganglia

Question 9

Sensory receptors convey signals in a process called

Answer 9

sensory input

Question 10

The signals are then processed and interpreted, and a response s determined through

Answer 10

integration

Question 11

The response is passed on as signals to the effector cells which carry out the response through

Answer 11

motor output.

Question 12

are extensively branched short extensions which receive information from other neurons and pass it on to the cell body.

Answer 12

Dendrites

Question 13

are long projections which pass on the signals to other neurons.

Answer 13

Axons

Question 14

are very important partners of the neurons because these cells are the ones that supply neutrons with nutrients and keep them insulated.

Answer 14

Glial cells

Question 15

Each white bead-like structure in the axon is a

Answer 15

Schwann cell

Question 16

Each white bead-like structure in the axon is a Schwann cell surrounded by layers of insulating material called the

Answer 16

myelin sheath

Question 17

These nodes make conduction along the axon faster since it is only in these nodes where signals have to be regenerated and not along the whole length.

Answer 17

Node of Ranvier

Question 18

The tips of the branches are called

Answer 18

synaptic terminals

Question 18

All cells have potential energy, but the energy in neurons can be used to generate work in the form of signal transmission. This energy in neurons is called

Answer 18

membrane potential

Question 19

is a potential gradient that forces ions to passively move in one direction

Answer 19

Membrane potential

Question 20

is a rapid sequence of changes in the voltage across a membrane.

Answer 20

Action Potential

Question 21

The process by which a cell responds to substances outside the cell through signaling molecules found on the surface of and inside the cell

Answer 21

Signal Transduction

Question 22

are microscopic gaps that separate the terminal buttons of one neuron from receptors (usually, located on the dendrites) of another neuron

Answer 22

Synapses

Question 23

is a form of synapse between two opposed neurons in which nerve impulse transmission is rapid and occurs by the passage of ions from one neuron to another via the gap junction.

Answer 23

Electrical synapse

Question 24

are connections between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell.

Answer 24

Chemical synapse

Question 25

is a signaling molecule secreted by a neuron to affect another cell across a synapse.

Answer 25

Neurotransmitters

Question 26

is the concentration of sensory organs on the head

Answer 26

Cephalization

Question 27

is having separate central and peripheral nervous systems

Answer 27

Centralization

Question 28

The organ inside the head that controls all body functions of a human being.

Answer 28

brain

Question 29

the brain is protected by the

Answer 29

cranium (the bones that form the head)

Question 30

three major parts of the brain:

Answer 30

the cerebrum, the cerebellum, and the brain stem.