Rad Patho > II > Flashcards

II Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

aka brittle bone disease

A

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (Ol)

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2
Q

mutations in structural genes that encode alpha 1 and alpha 2 peptides of type 1 collagen

A

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (Ol)

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3
Q
  • present at birth, may lead to
    deformity of bones and death
A

Ol congenita

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4
Q

— starts at some years after birth, fx generally stop a adulthood

A

Ol tarda

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5
Q

is an inherited (genetic) bone disorder that is present at birth.

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta

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6
Q

A child born with this disease may have soft bones that break (fracture) easily, bones that are not formed normally, and other problems. What kind of disease is this?

A

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI)

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7
Q

bone deformity and dwarfism

A

Achondroplasia

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8
Q

most common inherited disorder

A

Achondroplasia

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9
Q

autosomal dominant gene at 4p chromosome (FGFR3 gene)

A

Achondroplasia

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10
Q

aka marble bone, stone bone

A

Osteopetrosis

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11
Q

CLCN7 gene

A

Osteopetrosis

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12
Q
  • increase in bone density
    and defective bone contour, bones are heavy but brittle
  • requires increased radiographic technique
A

Osteopetrosis

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13
Q

failure of fingers and toes to separate

A

Syndactyly

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14
Q

extra digits

A

Polydactyly

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15
Q

also known as hyperdactyly, is the most common congenital anomaly of hand and foot.

A

Polydactyly

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16
Q

It is characterized by an extra finger or toe that may results from defective development during anterior-posterior patterning of developing limb.

A

Polydactyly

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17
Q

-aka talipes
- Incidence: more common in males than
females
- Treatment: corrected with casting and splinting

A

Club foot

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18
Q
  • abnormal lateral curvature of spine; generally not apparent until adolescence
  • Importance of Radiography
A

Scoliosis

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19
Q

usually LS junction or cervical ribs at C7

A

Transitional Vertebra

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20
Q
  • incomplete closure of vertebral canal
  • common in LS area
A

Spina Bifida

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21
Q

early closure of cranial sutures

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A

Craniosynostosis

22
Q
  • brain and cranial vault do not form
  • incompatible with life
23
Q

infection of bone or bone marrow

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A

Osteomyelitis

24
Q
  • ends of long bones
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A

Hematogenesis

25
- dead, devascularized bone
Sequestrum
26
- shell of new, supporting bone
Involucrum
27
- disorders of joints - Arthritis, bursitis, tendonitis, tenosynovitis
Arthropathies
28
- joint inflammation
Arthritis
29
- chronic autoimmune disease, triggered by exposure to arthrogenic antigen - presence of autoantibody, known as Serologic Rheumatoid Factor (RF) - surgical intervention - reduce life expectancy
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
30
- aka Still's disease
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA)
31
: Younger than 16 at most; symptoms of arthritis in or more joints at least 6 weeks; onset assigned to one or three JRA onset types; pauciarticular, polyarticular, systemic
ACR Criterion for JRA
32
aka "Bamboo spine" or Marie-Strumpell Disease
Ankylosing Spondylitis
33
- Mainly involves vertebral - Bilateral fuzziness of SI joints - Ossification of spinal ligaments and bone fusion - Treated with NSAIDS and exercise
Ankylosing Spondylitis
34
- aka degenerative joint disease (DJD)
Osteoarthritis
35
- most common type of arthritis - deterioration of joint cartilage
Osteoarthritis
36
— bone spurs
Osteophytes
37
- inherited metabolic disorder, excess amounts of uric acid are deposited in joint space or bone
Gouty Arthritis
38
— crystalline deposits
Tophi
39
inflammation of a tendon
Tendinitis
40
inflammation of tendon and sheath
Tenosynovitis
41
inflammation of bursa or sacs around joints
Bursitis
42
cystic swelling in tendon sheath
Ganglion
43
soft tissue neck injuries
Whiplash
44
- slipping of vertebrae - most common at L5 - S1
Spondylolisthesis
45
- erosion of vertebral body - collar on the scotty dog
Spondylolysis
46
dense bone in skull
Osteoma
47
in the metaphysis of long bones
Osteochondroma
48
numerous osteoclastic giant cells, some are malignant
Giant Cell Tumor
49
arises from osteoblasts
Osteosarcoma
50
- occurs between ages 5 and 15 years, arises from medullary canal, extensive lesions - Metastases from other sites - Metastatic disease from carcinomas most common malignant tumor of skeleton - Bones containing red marrow most often aected, with spine being most common
Ewing Tumor
Rad Patho
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