Urinary system

Question 1

The urinary system is consists of :

Answer 1

• two kidneys
• two ureters
• urinary bladder
• urethra

Question 2

• site where urine is formed and excreted
  through the remarkable processes of
  filtration and reabsorption

Answer 2

KIDNEY

Question 3

involving up to 180 liters (L) of blood per
day.

Answer 3

Kidney

Question 4

located between the twelfth thoracic
vertebra and the third lumbar vertebra.

Answer 4

Kidney

Question 5

• drain the urine from the kidneys to the
  bladder.

Answer 5

Ureter

Question 6

• serves as a reservoir for urine before urine is expelled from the body
• located posterior to the symphysis pubis.

Answer 6

BLADDER

Question 7

• tube leading from the urinary bladder to
  the exterior of the body.

Answer 7

Urethra

Question 8

Female Urethra is ____inches in length

Answer 8

1 to 1 1/2

Question 9

Male Urethra ____ in length

Answer 9

8 inches

Question 10

• urethra passes through the prostate gland
• Serves as a part of the reproductive system by receiving seminal fluid via the ejaculatory ducts, which open into the urethra from the prostate.

Answer 10

MALE URETHRA

Question 11

• useful in demonstrating the size and location of the kidneys

Answer 11

KUB (kidney, ureter, bladder) Radiography

Question 12

• procedure used to assess the urinary system

Answer 12

INTRAVENOUS UROGRAPHY

Question 13

• A common radiographic examination for studying the lower urinary tract.

Answer 13

Cystography

Question 14

• performed by a urologist during cystoscopy to allow injection of contrast medium directly into the urinary tract to outline the renal collecting system

Answer 14

RETROGRADE PYELOGRAPHY

Question 15

• noninvasive method of imaging both functioningandnonfunctioningkidneys

Answer 15

SONOGRAPHY

Question 16

• Excellent modality for imaging the kidneys because it can detect small differences in tissue densities within the body.

Answer 16

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

Question 17

• One of the most invasive imaging procedures performed on the urinary system.

Answer 17

RENAL ANGIOGRAPHY

Question 18

• Capable of differentiating between fluid accumulation from hemorrhage and infection.

Answer 18

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

Question 19

• Relatively rare anomaly occurring in approximately 1 in 1000 live births and is more common in males than females.
• Unilateral (one kidney) and bilateral (both
  kidneys) renal agenesis.

Answer 19

RENAL AGENESIS OR APLASIA

Question 20

known as compensatory hypertrophy

Answer 20

RENAL AGENESIS OR APLASIA

Question 21

Is a rare condition in which an individual has a third, small, rudimentary kidney. This extra kidney typically functions independently, draining into a separate renal pelvis and ureter. While it may remain asymptomatic.

Answer 21

SUPERNUMERARY KIDNEY

Question 22

-Blood in the urine, which may be visible or detectable under a microscope.
-Abdominal or Pelvic Pain: Discomfort in the lower abdomen, particularly if the extra kidney develops complications such as obstruction or infection

Answer 22

HEMATURIA

Question 23

• is a rare anomaly involving a kidney developed less than normally but contains normal nephrons
• This condition is often associated with compensatory hyperplasia of the other kidney, where the unaffected kidney enlarges to take over the workload

Answer 23

HYPOPLASIA

Question 24

• Involves overdevelopment of a kidney, often associated with renal agenesis or hypoplasia of the other kidney.

Answer 24

HYPERPLASIA

Question 25

- the most common fusion anomaly - In this condition, the lower poles of the kidneys are joined across the midline by a band of soft tissue, causing a rotation anomaly on one side or both sides.

Answer 25

HORSHOE KIDNEY

Question 26

- second most common fusion anomaly - one kidney lies across the midline and is fused with the other kidney

Answer 26

CROSSED ECTOPY

Question 27

- Consists of incomplete or excessive rotation of the kidneys as they ascend from the pelvis in utero.

Answer 27

MALROTATION

Question 28

- One that is out of its normal position, a condition found in approximately 1 in 800 urologic examinations. - Lower than normal, often in a pelvic location or a sacral location.

Answer 28

ECTOPIC KIDNEY

Question 29

- In some lean and athletic persons, the kidney is mobile and may drop toward the pelvis when the person is in the erect position. - distinguished from a pelvic kidney by the length of the ureter; if the ureter is short, it is a congenital pelvic kidney

Answer 29

NEPHROPTOSIS

Question 30

A ____ is the name given to a branching kidney stone, and may form if you have repeated urinary tract infections (UTIs).

Answer 30

STAGHORN CALCULUS

Question 31

is an obstructive disorder of the urinary system that causes dilatation of the renal pelvis and calyces with urine.

Answer 31

HYDRONEPHROSIS

Question 32

-Incompatible with life outside the womb Stillbirth or death shortly after birth due to: - Severe pulmonary hypoplasia - Inability to produce urine and regulate fluid balance

Answer 32

Bilateral Renal Agenesis:

Question 33

This happens when urine does not fully empty from the body

Answer 33

Hydronephrosis

Question 34

___ is the most commonly used modality to diagnosed malrotation

Answer 34

Ct scan