injectable medication admin

Question 1

Parental medications

Answer 1

Intradermal
Subcutaneous
Intramuscular
Intravenous

Question 2

Intradermal needle

Answer 2

25-27 G
1/4 to 5/8 inch

Question 3

Subcutaneous needle

Answer 3

21-31 G
3/8 to 5/8 inch

Question 4

Intramuscular needle

Answer 4

18-25 G
5/8 to 1.5 inch

Question 5

Ampule

Answer 5

Safety while opening
Use filter needle or filter straw when pulling up medication

Question 6

Vial

Answer 6

Inject air in first to withdraw solution
Wipe with alcohol first

Question 7

Intradermal injections

Answer 7

TB testing/allergy testing
About 0.1mL of medication
5-15 degree angle
Goal is to produce a bleb

Question 8

Intramuscular injections

Answer 8

Absorbed faster than subcutaneous injections due to rich blood supply

Question 9

The ventrogluteal site

Answer 9

Located by placing the palm on the greater trochanter and the index finger toward the anterosuperior iliac sine

Question 10

Vastus lateralis site

Answer 10

Identified by dividing the thigh into thirds, horizontally and vertically
Middle third, place with most muscle
Mostly used for infants 7 months and younger
Back lying with leg slightly flexed or sitting position

Question 11

Deltoid muscle site

Answer 11

Located by palpating the lower edge of the acromion process-about two fingers length down (1-2 inches)
Most common site for adults (vaccines)
No more than 1 mL at this site
23-25 G 1 inch needle
Relax arm and flex the elbow

Question 12

Dorsogluteal site

Answer 12

SHOULD NOT BE USED
Most risk of hitting nerve and causing damage

Question 13

Considerations of IM injections

Answer 13

Dose 0.5 mL- 2mL depending on site (up to 3 mL for ventrogluteal in adults with well-developed muscles)
If more than 3mL-divide among 2 syringes and administer in two different sites
Assess the amount of muscle, type of solution, amount of adipose tissue, and age of the patient

Question 14

Administration of IM injections

Answer 14

Minimize discomfort
Use smallest needle suited for the site and medication
Use two different needles-one to draw up, one to inject
Position pt to reduce muscle tension
Air lock method (add 0.25-0.5 mL of air)
Z track method!

Question 15

Subcutaneous injections

Answer 15

Absorption is slower than IM route due to less blood supply
Abdomen and arms (faster)
Thigh and upper buttocks (slower)
Abdomen (even absorption)
0.5mL-1mL
90-degree angle when 2 inches of tissue can be grasped
45-degree angle when 1 inch of tissue can be grasped

Question 16

Subcutaneous injection process

Answer 16

Clean site-start in center and work around
Allow area to dry
Pinch the skin
Insert the needle
Release the skin
Slowly inject medication
With draw needle
Do not massage site
Apply pressure w/ gauze
Record location
Rotate sites

Question 17

Insulin

Answer 17

Needle-28-30 G 3/16 inch to 1 inch, 0.3mL-1mL
ONLY use insulin syringe
ONLY short or rapid acting insulins can be mixed with other insulins (regular and NPH)
NPH MUST be agitated
Nancy Reagan, RN
NPH air, regular air, regular withdraw, NPH withdraw