Kidney

Question 1

Site

Answer 1

1. Retroperitoneal organ on posterior abdominal wall opposite 12th thoracic and upper 3 lumbar vertebrae
2. Long axis is directed upwards and medial (upper poles of both kidneys are nearer than lower poles)
3. Left kidney reaches up to 11th rib
4. Right kidney reaches to 11th space (right kidney is 1/2 inch lower than left kidney)

Question 2

Size

Answer 2

1. 4 inches long
2. 2 inches wide
3. 1 inch thick

Question 3

Shape

Answer 3

Bean shaped
1. 2 ends (upper and lower)
2. 2 surfaces (anterior and posterior)
3. 2 borders (lateral and medial)

Question 4

Hilum site

Answer 4

1. Lies in middle of medial border: leads to space inside (renal sinus) lodging renal vessels and pelvis of ureter
2. Lies at Transpyloric plane (L1 vertebra) 2 inches from middle line
3. Transpyloric plane passes through lower part of left Hilum and upper part of right Hilum

Question 5

Hilum contents

Answer 5

1. Renal vein (anterior)
2. Renal artery (in middle)
3. Pelvis of ureter (posterior) (VAP)