Peritoneal Folds

Question 1

Definition

Answer 1

Peritoneum double layers connecting different abdominal organs together or connections organ to abdominal wall

Question 2

Function

Answer 2

Allow free mobility to certain abdominal organs and act as passages of vessels, nerves, and lymphatics to suspend organs

Question 3

Classification

Answer 3

1. Omenta
2. Mesenteries
3. Ligaments
4. Greater sac
5. Lesser sac (Omental bursa)

Question 4

Omenta

Answer 4

Peritoneal folds connecting stomach to other organs

Question 5

Omenta types

Answer 5

1. Lesser omentum (gastrohepatic ligament)
2. Greater omentum (gastrocolic ligament)
3. Gastrosplenic omentum (ligament)

Question 6

Mesenteries

Answer 6

Peritoneal folds connecting intestine mobile parts to posterior abdominal wall

Question 7

Mesenteries types

Answer 7

1. Small intestine mesentery (mesentery proper)
2. Transverse mesocolon
3. Mesoappendix
4. Sigmoid colon

Question 8

Ligaments

Answer 8

Include rest of peritoneal folds which connect abdominal organs together or to abdominal wall

Question 9

Ligaments types

Answer 9

1. Gastrophrenic ligament
2. Falciform ligament
3. Coronary ligament
4. Right triangular ligament
5. Left triangular ligament
6. Leinorenal (splenorenal) ligament
7. Phrenicocolic ligament
8. Uterus broad ligament

Question 10

Greater sac

Answer 10

1. Sac filling whole abdominal cavity as well as pelvic cavity
2. Incision made through anterior abdominal wall will open it

Question 11

Compartments

Answer 11

Divided into two compartments by transverse partition formed by:
1. Greater omentum
2. Transverse colon
3. Mesocolon

Question 12

Compartments types

Answer 12

1. Supracolic compartment
2. Infracolic compartment

Question 13

Supracolic compartment

Answer 13

In front of and above greater omentum, transverse colon, and mesocolon

Question 14

Infracolic compartment

Answer 14

1. Behind and below greater omentum, transverse colon, and its mesocolon
2. Divided by small intestine mesentery into:
   - Upper right region
   - Lower left region which communicates with pelvic cavity
3. Ascending and descending colons bulge into this compartment leaving 2 paracolic gutters alongside each of them

Question 15

Omental bursa

Answer 15

1. Peritoneal cavity part lying behind stomach and lesser omentum
2. Separated from greater sac except at opening into lesser sac (epiploic foramen or foramen of Winslow) where both sacs communicate

Question 16

Development

Answer 16

Pouch extending from greater sac behind stomach as a result of its rotation

Question 17

Extensions

Answer 17

1. Upwards: behind liver caudate lobe forming superior recess
2. Downwards: between descending anterior 2 layers and ascending posterior 2 layers of greater omentum forming inferior recess
3. Left: as far as spleen forming splenic recess

Question 18

Boundries

Answer 18

1. 2 walls
2. 4 borders

Question 19

Anterior wall

Answer 19

From above downwards:
1. Peritoneum on liver caudate lobe
2. Lesser omentum
3. Peritoneum on stomach posterior surface
4. Gastrosplenic ligament
5. Greater omentum descending anterior 2 layers

Question 20

Posterior wall

Answer 20

From above downwards:
1. Stomach bed peritoneal covering
2. Transverse mesocolon and transverse colon
3. Greater omentum ascending posterior 2 layers

Question 21

Upper border

Answer 21

Formed by reflection of peritoneum from anterior to posterior wall of lesser sac extending transversely from Ligamentum venosum fissure on right side to esophagus lower end on left side

Question 22

Lower border

Answer 22

Corresponds to greater omentum free lower margin

Question 23

Left border from above downwards

Answer 23

1. Meeting of gastrophrenic and leinorenal ligaments at spleen hilum
2. Greater omentum left free margin

Question 24

Right border from above downwards

Answer 24

1. Peritoneum reflection at right margin of liver caudate lobe to posterior abdominal wall
2. Opening into lesser sac
3. Greater omentum right free margin