what is diverticula
due to increased pressure from straining, small pouches that form on the intestinal wall
4 types of laxatives
bulk
osmotic
stimulant
stool
Bulk laxatives
forms gel in large intestine
cause water retension and intestinal distension
osmotic laxatives
pulling water into faecal mass to crease more watery stool
stimulant laxatives
stimulate the sensory nerve endings to increase the peristalsis
stool laxatives
surfactant and lubricating action
examples of 4 types of laxatives
bulk : Metamucil
osmotic: lactulose
stimulant: senokot and bisacodyl
stool: docusate
3 types of diarrhea
osmotic–>lactose intolerance
secretory
exudative
what is secretory diarrhea
actively secrete water and electrolytes into small intestine
clinical manifestation of GERD
regurgitation of acid chyme
dysphagia
upper abdominal pain
how does PPI works?
irreversible inhibitor of the H+/K+ ATPase
can PPI eradicate H. pylori infection?
yes
triple therapy: PPI+2 antibiotics
which enzyme produced by H. pylori
urease
clinical manifestation of IBS
recurrent abdominal pain
abnormal defecation
anxiety, depression
