Lab Module 17

Question 1

What is this structure as shown by the arrow?

A) Corpus callosum
B) Urethra
C) Spermatoduct
D) Corpora

Answer 1

Correct Answer:
B) Urethra

Question 2

What is in this tube as shown in the picture by the arrow?

A) The patient’s own cells
B) T CELLS
C) Macrophages
D) Viral cells

Answer 2

Correct Answer:
A) The patient’s own cells

Question 3

Which of the following is (are) imperative for a successful kidney transplant?

A) Tissue compatibility
B) No viruses
C) The correct size
D) No answer text provided.

Answer 3

Correct Answer:
A) Tissue compatibility

Question 4

How many Americans die every day on dialysis?

A) 600,000
B) 240
C) 2000
D) 560

Answer 4

Correct Answer:
B) 240

Question 5

How many key gene edits were used here?

A) 1
B) 5
C) 10
D) 50

Answer 5

Correct Answer:
C) 10

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why early attempts at organ transplantation (OT) were largely unsuccessful despite surgical advances?

A) Lack of appropriate animal models for experimentation
B) Inability to maintain sterility during surgical procedures
C) Insufficient understanding of immunologic mechanisms involved in graft rejection
D) Limited access to deceased donors for organ procurement

Answer 6

Correct Answer:
C) Insufficient understanding of immunologic mechanisms involved in graft rejection

Question 7

Sir Peter Medawar’s Nobel Prize–winning work primarily advanced which area of organ transplantation?

A) Development of immunosuppressive pharmacotherapy
B) Understanding graft rejection and acquired immune tolerance
C) Surgical techniques for multi-organ transplantation
D) Organ preservation and storage technologies

Answer 7

Correct Answer:
B) Understanding graft rejection and acquired immune tolerance

Question 8

What was the primary reason early heart and lung transplants in the 1960s had poor overall survival rates?

A) Complications related to ineffective immunosuppression
B) Limited availability of suitable donors
C) Inadequate surgical instruments for thoracic procedures
D) Poor postoperative ventilatory support technologies

Answer 8

Correct Answer:
A) Complications related to ineffective immunosuppression

Question 9

The significance of Dr. Joseph Murray’s first successful kidney transplant in identical twins lies primarily in which factor?

A) It proved that cortisone alone could prevent rejection in unrelated donors
B) It demonstrated that rejection could be avoided when genetic compatibility was maximized
C) It showed that kidney transplantation could succeed without the need for surgical anastomosis
D) It provided the first clinical use of 6-mercaptopurine

Answer 9

Correct Answer:
B) It demonstrated that rejection could be avoided when genetic compatibility was maximized

Question 10

Which statement best explains the historical significance of Dr. Antonio Aldrete’s contributions to organ transplantation?

A) He developed early immunosuppressive medications that improved liver transplant outcomes.
B) He performed the first successful heart transplant and created postoperative scoring systems.
C) He founded the international liver transplantation society and led early multidisciplinary transplant groups.
D) His pioneering work in anesthesia, including participation in the first liver transplant, has been underrecognized despite its major impact.

Answer 10

Correct Answer:
D) His pioneering work in anesthesia, including participation in the first liver transplant, has been underrecognized despite its major impact.