Prokaryptic vs eukaroyatic has the biggest size (bp) of genome
Eukaroyatic
Prokaryptic vs eukaroyatic has more protein coding genes
Eu
How is specificity of genes being on or off controlled
Promoter- supressros and activators
Alternative Splicing
What prevents the mRNA from degradation once it is formed
5 G CAP
Poly A tail
Is splicing controlled at nucleotide level
Yes
How does splicing generate diversity
Skip exons
Leave introns spliced in
What is the human genome primarily made off
Coding genes
STRs
Non protein coding genes
What are non protein genes used for
Code of ribosomal RNA
.tRNA
MicroRNA
Long non coding RNA
Useful in RNA regulation
Repetive dna can be
- STRS
- Centromers and telomeres
- Transposons
STR
SHORT TANDEM REPEATS
Which repeats are made of alpha satellite DNA
Centromers
Centromers bind a special protein required for chromosomal seperation in mitosis what is it called
CENPA
Funcstion of telomers
Protects end of chromosome
Which enzyme replaces telomerase
Telomerase
How many bp are used aretelomeres made of
10
How many base pairs are centromers made of
171
What are transposons
Repeated seq of dna
Function unknown
Can be linked to disease
folding of dna
Chromosome—- condensed scaffold associated chromatin—chromatin fiber of packed nucleosome—-beads on a string form of chromatin—
define nucleosome
146 bp od dna + histone proteins + linked DNA bw 20-60 bp
List some histone proteins found in nucleosome
H2A, H2B, H3,H4
Name and function of linker histone
H1
Helps control spacing of nucleosome
Location of linker histone
Sits outside core of nucleosome
