3 point in Darwin’s theory of evolution
- Species change over time
- Divergent species share a common ancestor
- The mechanism that produces cnage in natural election
2 key points for natural selection
- individuals must differ from one another for some heritable traits
- individuals with certain heritable traits survive better than the other traits (fitness)
What is natural selection?
It is basically adaptations
Vestigial structures
Loss of original function but still remain (wisdom teeth, goose bumps…)
Artificial selection
Traits desired and chosen by breeders
What is the strongest evidence for evolution?
Fossils
What are transitional forms?
Intermediate evolutionary states
What rocks give the best geologic time scale?
Sedimentary rocks (have more fossils)
3 examples of evolution =
- Biogeography
- Comparative anatomy
- Molecular biology
Biogeography
The changes in Earth’s topology and environment
2 types of comparative anatomy?
- Structural homology = Same limb structure but have different functions
- Developmental homology = Same embryo morphology (ex: vertebrates have gill pouches and tails in early embryonic development)
Molecular biology?
Genetic homology = similarities in DNA sequences of genes from different species
Evolutionary tree of life (aka phylogenetic tree)
Explains homologies and evolution
