Lecture 31

Question 1

Philtrum

Answer 1

• lip dimple

- created by depressor septa muscles

Question 2

Superior and Inferior Labial frenulum

Answer 2

attaches lip to gum

Question 3

Lips are lined with…

Answer 3

• skin

- mucous

Question 4

Major muscle surrounding lips

Answer 4

obicularis oris

Question 5

Mouth extends from…

Answer 5

lips to palatoglossal fold

Question 6

Mouth has two spaces/cavities

Answer 6

• oral cavity

- buccal cavity

Question 7

Oral cavity

Answer 7

space medial to - and between - the teeth, and contains a tongue

Question 8

Buccal cavity

Answer 8

• space between cheek, teeth, and gums
• buccinator makes up lateral wall of buccal cavity
• posteriorly attached to pterygomandibular raphe

Question 9

Roof and floor of mouth

Answer 9

• roof: hard/soft palates

- floor: tongue

Question 10

What covers sublingual glands?

Answer 10

sublingual fold

Question 11

General sensory innervation of mouth is supplied by…

Answer 11

branches of trigeminal nerve (CN VII): V2 & V3

Question 12

Lingual Frenulum

Answer 12

attachment of tongue to bottom of mouth

Question 13

Teeth of children

Answer 13

20 deciduous teeth

• 4 incisors (each jaw)
• 2 canines (each jaw)
• 4 molars (each jaw)

Question 14

Teeth of adult

Answer 14

32 permanent

• 4 incisors (each jaw)
• 2 canines (each jaw)
• 4 premolars (each jaw)
• 6 molars (each jaw)

Question 15

Parts of the tongue

Answer 15

• body (blade)
• root
• median furrow
• foramen cecum
• papillae

Question 16

Where did the thyroid gland begin?

Answer 16

Foramen cecum

Question 17

Types of papillae on tongue

Answer 17

• filiform (small, cover anterior portion)
• fungiform (found on sides and tip of tongue)
• circumvalate (large, 8-12 in number in V-shape in front of foramen cecum)
• foliate (sides of tongue)

Question 18

Intrinsic tongue muscles

Answer 18

• longitudinal, transverse, & vertical

- produce changes in shape

Question 19

Extrinsic tongue muscles (w/ motor innervation)

Answer 19

• genioglossus (CN XII)
• hyoglossus (CN XII)
• styloglossus (CN XII)
• palatoglossus (CN X)

Question 20

Taste and sensation innervation of tongue

Answer 20

• facial nerve (CN VII: anterior 2/3 for taste)
• glossopharyngeal (CN IX: posterior 1/3 for taste and general sensation)
• trigeminal (CN V: anterior 2/3 for general sensation)

Question 21

Three salivary glands

Answer 21

• parotid
• submandibular
• sublingual

Question 22

Parotid gland

Answer 22

drains into mouth via parotid duct

Question 23

Submandibular gland

Answer 23

drains into mouth at sublingual caruncle via submandibular duct

Question 24

Sublingual gland

Answer 24

drains into mouth (BELOW tongue) via numerous sublingual ducts

Question 25

Hard palate: formation

Answer 25

- maxillary palatine processes | - horizontal plate of the palatine bone

Question 26

Hard palate: general sensation innervation

Answer 26

CN V (V2) --> greater palatine nerve

Question 27

Soft palate: formation

Answer 27

- tensor veli palatini (CN V: V3 --> branch to medial pterygoid) - levator veli palatini (CN X) - palatopharyngeus (CN X) - palatoglossus (CN X) - musculus uvuli (CN X)

Question 28

Soft palate: anatomical landmarks

Answer 28

- palatoglossal fold (arch) - palatopharyngeal fold (arch) - uvula - palatine tonsils

Question 29

Pharynx: three parts

Answer 29

- nasopharynx - oropharynx - laryngopharynx

Question 30

Nasopharynx

Answer 30

behind nasal cavities; above soft palate - pharyngeal tonsil - opening of auditory tube - tubal elevation w/ tubal tonsils - innervated by CN V

Question 31

Oropharynx

Answer 31

behind oral cavity - palatoglossal/palatopharyngeal folds - tonsillar recess (between folds) - palatine and lingual tonsils - innervated by CN IX

Question 32

Laryngopharynx

Answer 32

- begins at epiglottis - connects to esophagus - innervated by CN X

Question 33

Piriform recess

Answer 33

natural trap for food in laryngopharynx

Question 34

Pharynx: primary muscles

Answer 34

``` pharyngeal constrictors - superior - middle - inferior (all innervated by pharyngeal plexus of CN X) ```

Question 35

Pharynx: other muscles

Answer 35

- stylopharyngeus (CN IX) - salpingopharyngeus (CN X) - palatopharyngeus (CN X)

Question 36

During swallowing...

Answer 36

- pharynx is elevated - constrictors then push bolus down pharynx into esophagus - pharynx is then depressed

Question 37

Waldeyer's tonsillar ring

Answer 37

tonsillar tissue surrounding entrance to pharynx