Lecture 4

Question 1

what are the functions of muscle tissue

Answer 1

respiration and blood circulation
control of body openings and passages
heat production
glycemic control
movement and stability

Question 2

what are tendons composed of

Answer 2

DFCT

Question 3

what is the function of tendons

Answer 3

they connect muscle to bone - they withstand the tension and work with muscles to move bones

Question 4

what are the two main types of muscle attachments

Answer 4

tendinous and fleshy/muscular

Question 5

what do tendinous muscle attachments look like

Answer 5

they are usually long and ribbony and leave distinct marks on the bones

Question 6

are fleshy muscle attachments easy to see

Answer 6

no

Question 7

in tendinous attachments is the tendon distinct from the muscle belly

Answer 7

yes

Question 8

is there separation between the muscle and bone in fleshy attachments

Answer 8

there it little separation between the muscle and bone, the connection is formed at a microscopic level

Question 9

what is the deltoid

Answer 9

a thick triangular muscle covering the shoulder joint

Question 10

where does the deltoid lie

Answer 10

over the glenohumeral joint

Question 11

what is the deltoid attached to proximally

Answer 11

the clavicle, the acromion process and the spine of the scapula

Question 12

where does the deltoid attach distally

Answer 12

the deltoid tuberosity on the lateral side of the humerus

Question 13

what does the contraction of all the deltoid fibres cause

Answer 13

abduction

Question 14

what is the deltoid important for

Answer 14

stability of the shoulder and preventing dislocation

Question 15

what four muscles make up the rotator cuff

Answer 15

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis

Question 16

are the rotator cuff muscles superficial or deep to the deltoid

Answer 16

deep

Question 17

where is the supraspinatus located

Answer 17

superior to the spine of the scapula

Question 18

where is the infraspinatus located

Answer 18

inferior to the spine of then scapula

Question 19

where does the subscapularis sit

Answer 19

on the anterior aspect and fills the scapula fossa

Question 20

what movement does contraction of the anterior fibres of the deltoid create

Answer 20

flexion

Question 21

what movement does contraction of the posterior fibres of the deltoid create

Answer 21

extension

Question 22

what movement does contraction of the lateral fibres of the deltoid create

Answer 22

abduction

Question 23

what is the function of the bicep brachii

Answer 23

flexion at the elbow - aids in stability during extension

Question 24

what is the function of the triceps brachii

Answer 24

extension at the elbow - aids in stability during flexion

Question 25

where does the proximal tendon of the bicep brachii run and attach

Answer 25

up the intertubercle groove on the humerus and inserts into the scapula, superior to the glenoid fossa as well as the coracoid process of the scapula

Question 26

where does the biceps bracii attach distally

Answer 26

the radial tuberosity on the anterior and medial aspect of the radius

Question 27

where does the proximal long head of the triceps brachii originate from

Answer 27

the infraglenoid tubercle, inferior to the glenoid tubercle of the scapula

Question 28

where do the proximal lateral and medial heads of the triceps brachii originate from

Answer 28

the posterior of the humerus

Question 29

where does the triceps brachii attach distally

Answer 29

the olecranon of the ulna

Question 30

what is an extrinsic muscle

Answer 30

when the muscle belly is sitting outside the area where the movement is produced

Question 31

are the muscles of the wrist extrinsic or intrinsic

Answer 31

extrinsic

Question 32

what is another name for the first digit (the thumb)

Answer 32

the pollicus

Question 33

what is another name for the 5th digit

Answer 33

the digiti minimi

Question 34

what do the intrinsic muscles of the hand do

Answer 34

assist with abduction and aduction of the fingers

Question 35

what does thenar refer to

Answer 35

the muscles of the thumb which are important because they allow us to wrap our hands around objects

Question 36

which is the largest and most superficial of the three gluteal muscles

Answer 36

the gluteus maximus

Question 37

what is the function of the gluteus Maximus

Answer 37

it functions as an extensor and abductor of the hip joint

Question 38

where does the gluteus Maximus attach

Answer 38

to the sacrum and ilium superiorly and the inferiorly the gluteal tuberosity of the femur

Question 39

does the gluteus Maximus cross over the lateral aspect of the body

Answer 39

yes which is what makes it important for stability and upright stance

Question 40

what is the quadriceps femoris composed of

Answer 40

the vastus lateralis, vastus medalis, vastus intermedius and rectus femoris

Question 41

what is the function of the quadriceps femoris

Answer 41

flexion of the hip, and extension of the knee

Question 42

which of the quadriceps femoris is the deepest

Answer 42

the vastus intermedius

Question 43

where do the quadriceps femoris attach distally

Answer 43

they all converge down into one tendon which attaches to the patella, from the patella a ligament attaches to the tibial tuberosity

Question 44

is the tibialis anterior intrinsic or extrinsic

Answer 44

extrinsic

Question 45

what is the function of the tibialis anterior

Answer 45

to dorsiflex the foot

Question 46

is the gastrocnemius intrinsic or extrinsic

Answer 46

extrinsic

Question 47

what is the function of the gastrocnemius

Answer 47

to plantar flex the foot

Question 48

where does the gastrocnemius attach distally

Answer 48

the gastrocnemius and a few other muscles converge to one tendon (tendocalcaneous) and attach to the calcaneal tuberosity of the calcaneous

Question 49

where does rectus abdominus run

Answer 49

straight down the abdomen

Question 50

what are the muscles of the abdomen

Answer 50

rectus abdominus external abdominal oblique internal abdominal oblique transverse abdominis

Question 51

where does the rectus abdominis attach

Answer 51

inferiorly to the pubic crest, superiorly to the xiphoid process of the sternum, and the costal cartilages of the 5th, 6th, and 7th ribs

Question 52

what are the erector spinae

Answer 52

nine muscles that run down the back

Question 53

what is the function of the erector spinae muscles

Answer 53

extension of the neck and lateral flexion of the spine - they are important for bipedal motion

Question 54

where do the erector spinae muscles run and attach

Answer 54

from the sacral region to the base of the skull - they attach to the cervical vertebrae and the occipital bone