Lung CA

Question 1

lung CA

Answer 1

aggressive, invasive CA of the lungs that mets easily

Question 2

metastasis location

Answer 2

skeleton, liver, brain (large & richly vascularized sites)

Question 3

4 primary types

Answer 3

• small cell carcinoma
• large cell carcinoma
• squamous cell carcinoma
• adenocarcinoma

Question 4

which of 4 types is SCLC

Answer 4

small cell carcinoma

Question 5

which of 4 types is NSCLC

Answer 5

• large cell carcinoma
• squamous cell carcinoma
• adenocarcinoma

Question 6

etiology

Answer 6

• smoking (>85%)
• toxins (ex. asbestos)
• marijuana
• mutation of cells

Question 7

asbestos

Answer 7

compound used for older buildings; when inhaled it is carcinogenic

Question 8

why is SCLC worst type to have

Answer 8

It is aggressive, invasive, & early mets – esp to brain

Question 9

small cell carcinoma characteristics

Answer 9

• “oat” cell carcinoma
• 99% of SCLC in smokers
• worst type to have
• mets at Dx
• paraneoplastic syndrome

Question 10

why is there mets at Dx with SCLC

Answer 10

b/c no screening test avail so CA already advanced on discovery

Question 11

why do paraneoplastic syndrome occur w/ SCLC

Answer 11

d/t tumor secreting hormone-like substances that have same action as affected hormones

Question 12

examples of paraneoplastic syndromes

Answer 12

• SIADH

- Cushing’s

Question 13

large cell carcinoma characteristics

Answer 13

• large, undifferentiated cells
• early mets –> poor prognosis
• peripheral origin

Question 14

large cell carcinoma location

Answer 14

• peripheral origin (alveoli, bronchioles) –> small a/w peripheral in respect to resp system

Question 15

squamous cell carcinoma characteristics

Answer 15

• more common in males
• originates in central bronchi
• intraluminal (within lumen of bronchi)
• impacts mediastinum & surrounding structures (affects heart, lungs, etc.)
• spreads to hilar lymph nodes

Question 16

squamous cell carcinoma location

Answer 16

• central bronchi

- intraluminal (within lumen of bronchi)

Question 17

adenocarcinoma characteristics

Answer 17

• CA of glandular epith (most common type of lung CA)
• mostly in females & non-smokers
• originates in alveoli or bronchioles –> peripheral

Question 18

adenocarcinoma location

Answer 18

alveoli or bronchioles (bronchogenic carcinoma) –> peripheral

Question 19

mnfts depend on…

Answer 19

• site (type)
• stage
• extent, mets
• paraneoplastic syndrome

Question 20

mnfts

Answer 20

• pain
• hemoptysis (coughing up blood)
• coughing
• wheezing
• dyspnea
• compromised cardiac Fx

Question 21

if central origin, ventilation is impaired causing what mnfts

Answer 21

• coughing
• wheezing
• dyspnea

Question 22

why does hemoptysis occur

Answer 22

d/t tumor damaging blood vessels

Question 23

Dx

Answer 23

• Hx, Px
• XR, U/S, CT, MRI
• cytology (sputum or bronchial wash)
• bronchoscopy, biopsy

Question 24

Tx for SCLC

Answer 24

chemo & radiation

Question 25

Tx for NSCLC

Answer 25

Sx, radiation & chemo