M1 - Paradigm Shift

Question 1

paradigm shifts

Answer 1

The overturning of a well-accepted scientific theory in the face of new evidence leading to a different interpretation of the concept.

occurs when new technology is introduced

Question 2

example of paradigm shift

Answer 2

concept of phlogiston was developed by german scientist, stahl who discovered that combustible substances lost weight when they burned - reasoned that change in mass due to loss of the component of phlogiston in the air

• Lavosier found that phosphors and sulphur both gained weight when burning
• lavosier explained combustion by oxidation and discovered the law of conservation of mass. he disproved phlogiston theory and demonstrated the element called oxygen that played a major role in combustion
• paradigm shift: he disproved the phlogiston theory as he proposed a new theory that combustion meant the reaction with oxygen, not phlogiston - oxidation

Question 3

Scientific paradigm

Answer 3

a distinct set of concepts or thought patterns, including theories, research methods, postulates, and standards for what constitutes legitimate contributions to a field.