Orthopedics > Massage Lab > Flashcards

Massage Lab Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the origin of the trapezius muscle?

A

Occipital bone, nuchal ligament, spinous processes C7–T12

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2
Q

Where does the trapezius muscle insert?

A

Lateral clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

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3
Q

What is the fiber direction of the upper fibers of the trapezius?

A

Down & out

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4
Q

What is the origin of the latissimus dorsi muscle?

A

Inferior angle of scapula, Spinous processes T7–L5, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, lower ribs

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5
Q

Where does the latissimus dorsi muscle insert?

A

Intertubercular groove of humerus

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6
Q

What is the fiber direction of the latissimus dorsi muscle?

A

Upward & lateral (towards armpit)

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7
Q

What is the origin of the rhomboid major muscle?

A

Spinous processes T2–T5

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8
Q

Where does the rhomboid major muscle insert?

A

Medial border of scapula (below spine)

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9
Q

What is the fiber direction of the rhomboid major muscle?

A

Downward & lateral

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10
Q

What is the origin of the gluteus maximus muscle?

A

Ilium, sacrum, coccyx

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11
Q

Where does the gluteus maximus muscle insert?

A

Gluteal tuberosity of femur, iliotibial tract

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12
Q

What is the fiber direction of the gluteus maximus muscle?

A

Downward & lateral

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13
Q

What is the origin of the gluteus medius muscle?

A

Outer surface of ilium

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14
Q

Where does the gluteus medius muscle insert?

A

Greater trochanter of femur

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15
Q

What is the fiber direction of the gluteus medius muscle?

A

Downward & lateral

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16
Q

What is the origin of the piriformis muscle?

A

Anterior sacrum

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17
Q

Where does the piriformis muscle insert?

A

Greater trochanter of femur

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18
Q

What is the fiber direction of the piriformis muscle?

A

Lateral & downward

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19
Q

What is the origin of the obturator internus muscle?

A

Internal surface of obturator membrane

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20
Q

Where does the obturator internus muscle insert?

A

Greater trochanter of femur

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21
Q

What is the fiber direction of the obturator internus muscle?

A

Lateral & upward

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22
Q

What are the components of the iliopsoas muscle?

A

Psoas major, iliacus

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23
Q

What is the origin of the iliopsoas muscle?

A

Lumbar vertebrae (psoas), iliac fossa (iliacus)

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24
Q

Where does the iliopsoas muscle insert?

A

Lesser trochanter of femur

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25
What is the fiber direction of the iliopsoas muscle?
Downward & lateral
26
What is the origin of the tensor fasciae latae (TFL) muscle?
ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine)
27
Where does the tensor fasciae latae (TFL) muscle insert?
Iliotibial tract → lateral tibia
28
What is the fiber direction of the tensor fasciae latae (TFL) muscle?
Downward
29
What is the origin of the adductor longus muscle?
Pubis
30
Where does the adductor longus muscle insert?
Linea aspera (mid femur)
31
What is the fiber direction of the adductor longus muscle?
Downward & lateral
32
What is the origin of the rectus femoris muscle?
AIIS (anterior inferior iliac spine)
33
Where does the rectus femoris muscle insert?
Tibial tuberosity (via patellar tendon)
34
What is the fiber direction of the rectus femoris muscle?
Straight down
35
What is the origin of the gastrocnemius muscle?
Medial & lateral femoral condyles
36
Where does the gastrocnemius muscle insert?
Calcaneus via Achilles tendon
37
What is the fiber direction of the gastrocnemius muscle?
Downward
38
What is the origin of the soleus muscle?
Posterior tibia & fibula
39
Where does the soleus muscle insert?
Calcaneus (Achilles tendon)
40
What is the action of the soleus muscle?
Plantar flexion Stabilises tibia on the calcaneus
41
What is the fiber direction of the soleus muscle?
Downward
42
What is the origin of the tibialis anterior muscle?
Lateral tibia
43
Where does the tibialis anterior muscle insert?
Medial cuneiform, 1st metatarsal
44
What is the fiber direction of the tibialis anterior muscle?
Downward & medial
45
What is the origin of the peroneus (fibularis) longus muscle?
Head of fibula
46
Where does the peroneus (fibularis) longus muscle insert?
Base of 1st metatarsal, medial cuneiform (under foot)
47
What is the fiber direction of the peroneus (fibularis) longus muscle?
Downward & medial (wraps under foot)
48
What is the origin of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle?
Dorsal calcaneus
49
Where does the extensor digitorum brevis muscle insert?
Toes 2–4 (extensor tendons)
50
What is the fiber direction of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle?
Forward (toward toes)
51
What is the origin of the flexor digitorum brevis muscle?
Calcaneal tuberosity (plantar side)
52
Where does the flexor digitorum brevis muscle insert?
Middle phalanges toes 2–5
53
What is the fiber direction of the flexor digitorum brevis muscle?
Forward
54
What is the origin of the abductor hallucis muscle?
Medial calcaneus
55
Where does the abductor hallucis muscle insert?
Base of big toe (proximal phalanx)
56
What is the fiber direction of the abductor hallucis muscle?
Forward & medial
57
What is the origin of the abductor digiti minimi (foot) muscle?
Lateral calcaneus
58
Where does the abductor digiti minimi (foot) muscle insert?
Base of little toe (proximal phalanx)
59
What is the fiber direction of the abductor digiti minimi (foot) muscle?
Forward & lateral
60
61
Action of gastrocnemius
Plantar flexion Knee flexion
62
What is the origin of plantaris?
Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur
63
What is the insertion of plantaris?
Calcaneus via calcaneus tendon
64
What is the action of plantaris?
Weak plantarflexion of ankle and weak flexion of knee
65
Popliteus
66
What is the origin of popliteus?
Lateral femoral condyle
67
What is the insertion of popliteus?
Posterior surface of tibia above soleal line
68
What is the action of popliteus?
Unlocks the knee (medially rotates tibia on femur), weak knee flexion
69
70
Hamstrings
71
What are the 3 hamstring muscles?
Biceps femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus
72
73
Quadriceps
74
What are the 4 quadriceps muscles?
Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, Vastus intermedius
75
What is the origin of rectus femoris?
Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
76
What is the origin of vastus lateralis?
Greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur
77
What is the origin of vastus medialis?
Linea aspera of femur
78
What is the origin of vastus intermedius?
Anterior and lateral shaft of femur
79
What is the common insertion of all quadriceps muscles?
Tibial tuberosity via patella and patellar ligament
80
What is the common action of all quadriceps muscles?
Knee extension (rectus femoris also flexes hip)
81
What is the origin of semitendinosus?
Ischial tuberosity
82
What is the insertion of semitendinosus?
Medial surface of tibia (part of pes anserinus)
83
What is the action of semitendinosus?
Hip extension, knee flexion, medial rotation of tibia when knee is flexed
84
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What is the origin of semimembranosus?
Ischial tuberosity
86
What is the insertion of semimembranosus?
Posterior medial condyle of tibia
87
What is the action of semimembranosus?
Hip extension, knee flexion, medial rotation of tibia when knee is flexed
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89
What is the origin of biceps femoris?
Long head: ischial tuberosity | Short head: linea aspera of femur
90
What is the insertion of biceps femoris?
Head of fibula
91
What is the action of biceps femoris?
Hip extension (long head), knee flexion, lateral rotation of tibia when knee is flexed
92
Origin of adductor Magnus
Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischion and ischial tuberosity
93
Insertion of adductor Magnus
Linea aspera and adductor tubercle
94
Origin of gracilis
Inferior ramus of pubis
95
Insertion of gracilis
Pes anserinus tendon
96
Origin of pectineus
Superior ramus of pubis
97
Insertion of pectineus
Fémur (pectineal line)
98
Origin of sartorius
ASIS
99
Insertion of sartorius
Pes anserinus tendon
100
Origin of psoas major
Lumbar vertebrae
101
Insertion of psoas major
Lesser trochanter
102
Origin of iliacus
Iliac fossa
103
Insertion of iliacus
Lesser trochanter
104
What is the action of gluteus medius?
Hip abduction; anterior fibers assist with internal rotation, posterior fibers with external rotation.
105
What is the action of gluteus maximus?
Hip extension and external rotation.
106
What is the action of piriformis?
External rotation of the hip; assists with abduction when the hip is flexed.
107
What is the action of iliopsoas?
Hip flexion.
108
What is the action of tensor fascia latae (TFL)?
Hip flexion, abduction, and internal rotation; stabilizes pelvis via IT band.
109
What is the action of adductor longus?
Hip adduction; assists with hip flexion.
110
What are the actions of rectus femoris?
Hip flexion and knee extension.
111
What is the action of vastus lateralis?
Knee extension.
112
What is the action of vastus intermedius?
Knee extension.
113
What are the actions of semitendinosus?
Hip extension, knee flexion, and internal rotation of tibia when knee is flexed.
114
What are the actions of semimembranosus?
Hip extension, knee flexion, and internal rotation of tibia when knee is flexed.
115
What are the actions of biceps femoris?
Hip extension (long head), knee flexion, and external rotation of tibia when knee is flexed.
116
What is the action of adductor magnus?
Powerful hip adduction; posterior fibers assist with hip extension.
117
What are the actions of gracilis?
Hip adduction and knee flexion; assists with internal rotation of tibia when knee is flexed.
118
What are the actions of pectineus?
Hip adduction and flexion; assists with internal rotation.
119
What are the actions of sartorius?
Hip flexion, abduction, and external rotation; knee flexion.
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