Module 17 (Pathology: Eye)

Question 1

cataract

Answer 1

clouding of the lens, causing decreased vision

Question 2

chalazion

Answer 2

small, hard cystic mass (granuloma) on the eyelid

Question 2

diabetic retinopathy

Answer 2

disease of the retina caused by diabetes mellitus (high levels of sugar in blood—diabetes—damages the tiny capillaries in eyelid causing them to swell up, leak, or sometimes even create new & weak capillaries which leak easily)

Question 3

glaucoma

Answer 3

increased intraocular pressure (pressure determined by the aqueous humor) results in damage to the retina and optic nerve with loss of vision.

Question 4

hordeolum (stye or sty)

Answer 4

localized, purulent, inflammatory staphylococcal infection of a sebaceous oil-producing gland in the eyelid

Question 5

macular degeneration

Answer 5

progressive damage to the macula of the retina

Question 6

nystagmus

Answer 6

repetitive rhythmic movements of one or both eyes

Question 7

retinal detachment

Answer 7

two layers of the retina separate from each other (Patients experience photopsia—bright flashes of light— and see floaters—black spots or filmy shapes which are clumps that come off of the retina—floaters can be a sign of a retinal hole—black hole in the retina—meanwhile a macular hole is much more serious; it is a break in the macula causing blurry vision—could be related to ld age)

Question 8

strabismus

Answer 8

abnormal deviation of the eye