Module 6

Question 1

List 3 mechanical diseases that a person with obesity is susceptible to.

Answer 1

• Osteoarthritis
• Obstructive sleep apnea
• Intraabdominal pressure

Question 2

Explain ways in which major depressive disorder and obesity may be related.

Answer 2

• Sleep disturbance (diagnostic factor for MDD) can promote increase appetite through increased ghrelin
• Depression also increases cortisol through the HPA axis ⇒ promotes visceral adiposity
• Drugs that treat depression are associated with weight gain
• levels of adiponectin seem to be lower in MDD

Question 3

List 3 diagnostic signs of bulimia nervosa.

Answer 3

• Recurrent episodes of binge eating (at least 1 episode per week for at least 3 months (on average))
• A sense of lack of control over eating
• Compensatory behaviour

Question 4

List 5 diagnostic signs of binge eating disorder.

Answer 4

• Recurrent episodes of binge eating (on average at least 1 episode per week for at least 3 months)
• A sense of lack of control over eating
• Eating faster than normal
• Eating until uncomfortably full
• Eating when not physically hungry

Question 5

T/F: It is easier to diagnose binge eating disorder while children are still young.

Answer 5

False

Question 6

Give 3 of the proposed diagnostic criteria for nocturnal eating syndrome.

Answer 6

• Significantly increased intake in the evening (at least one of the following):
  
  • At least 25% of the daily calories are consumed after dinner
  • At least 2 episodes of night eating per week
• Awareness and recall of nocturnal eating
• Causes the person significant distress

Question 7

What evidence is there that childhood trauma correlates with obesity?

Answer 7

• Higher ACE (Adverse Childhood Experience) scores have higher likelihood of having higher adulthood BMI
• Higher risk of adult obesity if experienced childhood abuse (meta-analysis of of 23 cohort studies)
  • dose–response association between abuse severity and obesity risk
  • 112,000 participants