What are the 3 neural components of uncontrolled eating?
- Reward sensitivity
- Cognitive control
- Negative affect
T/F: Dopamine is related to liking food.
False - it’s related to wanting food
Dorsomedial PFC associated with ___________________ of food intake and
Upregulation
How is the orbitofrontal cortex involved in appetite?
-Receives projections from taste-responsive neurons in the insular cortex
-Predicts how rewarding food will be
What evidence is there that the orbitofrontal cortex might be involved in sensory-specific satiety?
On fMRI, blood flows to OFC when a new odor is present, but flow decreases after odor has been repeatedly presented to the person.
What is impulsivity?
- increased rash-spontaneous behaviour
- seeking out rewards without thinking about the consequences
- heightened state of disinhibition
List some ways by which the hippocampus regulates appetite (5)
- Uses memory to decide when and how much to eat
- Inhibits the hypothalamus and HPA axis
- Craving and imagery of food (through memory and learning)
- Perception of time
- When to eat
- How long to eat for
- Nutrient-related learning
Dorsolateral PFC associated with _____________________ of appetite
Downregulation
What is the difference between “wanting” and “liking” food?
Wanting drives us to eat, but liking brings us pleasure from the food.
Note: wanting is driven primarily by dopamine and the mesolimbic reward pathway
What characteristic makes binge-eating disorder different from other phenotypes of obesity?
Increased impulsivity
Define emotional eating
Tendency to overeat in response to negative emotions, such as anxiety or irritability
