Module 6 Ch 24

Question 1

What is atherosclerosis

Answer 1

abnormal accumulation of lipid deposits and fibrous tissue within arterial walls and lumen

Question 2

What does coronary atherosclerosis do to the myocardium

Answer 2

the narrowing of the vessels reduced blood flow to the myocardium

Question 3

What are some clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis

Answer 3

• Symptoms are from MI
• Angina pectoris
• Epigastric distress, pain radiating, SOB,
• MI
• heart failure
• Sudden cardiac death

Question 4

What are some risk factors for developing CAD

Answer 4

• Cholesterol abnormalities, tobacco, HTN, diabeties
• elevated LDL
• metabolic syndrome

Question 5

How can you prevent CAD

Answer 5

• Control cholesterol
• diet
• physical measures
• medications
• stop smoking
• manage HTN and diabetes

Question 6

What are the types of chonesterol medications

Answer 6

• HMG-CoA
• nicotinic acids
• fibric acids
• bile acid sequestrants
• cholesterol absorption inhibs
• Omega-3 acid esters

Question 7

What is angina pectoris

Answer 7

• Syndrome characterized by episodes of pain or pressure in chest from insufficient flow

Question 8

What are some assessment findings for angina

Answer 8

• Tightness, chocking, heavy sensation
• anxiety accompanies pain
• dyspnea/SOB, dizzy, N/V
• Pain subsides with nitro or rest

Question 9

What are some older adult considerations for angina

Answer 9

• Diminished pain with
• Silent CAD
  -teach them to recognize symptoms
• get stress testing done

Question 10

How do you treat angina pectoris

Answer 10

• treatment is seeking to decrease O2 demand and increase O2 supply
• Meds
• O2
• Reduce and control risk factors and reperfusion can be done

Question 11

What are some medications for angina

Answer 11

• nitro
• calcium channel blockers
• asprin and clopid
• heprin
• antiplatlet and anticoagulant

Question 12

What are some common issues that go with angina

Answer 12

• Arrythmias and cardiac arrest
• heart failure
• cardiogenic shock

Question 13

What are some goals for patients with angina

Answer 13

• treat the angina
• prevent the angina
• reduce anxiety
• be aware of progression
• aware of complications and avoid them

Question 14

How can a nurse reduce anxiety

Answer 14

• use a calm manner
• stress reduction techniques
• patient teaching
• addressing patients spiritual/family/personal needs