Structured Query Language, the standard interface for querying and managing relational databases. See also [SQL](https://www.codecademy.com/resources/docs/sql) and [About SQL](https://www.codecademy.com/resources/docs/sql/about-sql)

Module 7 - Databases Flashcards by Lauren C

True or False

In a fully managed AWS database service, the customer is responsible for designing data structures and managing access controls.

True

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Fill in the blanks

A relational database stores data in tables with ____________ and ____________. Tables are related using keys.

Rows and Columns

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What is SQL?

Structured Query Language, the standard interface for querying and managing relational databases.

See also What is lift and shift?

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Can AWS customers execute a lift-and-shift of database deployments from on-premise to the AWS cloud?

Yes. They can move their on-premise database deployment to an Amazon EC2 instance. And they can use AWS Database Migration Service to facilitate the move.

See What is AWS Database Migration Service?

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What is Amazon RDS?

Amazon Relational Database Service. A managed database service that supports common relational database engines and handles routine database tasks such as backups, software patching, automatic failure detection, recovery, scaling, and hardware provisioning.

See What is Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS)?

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True or False?

Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS) offers multi-AZ deployment.

AZ = Availability Zone

True. If you choose an option called a Multi-AZ deployment, Amazon automatically provisions and maintains one or more secondary standby DB instances in a different Availability Zone. Your primary DB instance is replicated across Availability Zones to each secondary DB instance.

See What is Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS)?

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True or False?

With Amazon RDS, you can create your DB instances in multiple Regions.

True. The RDS DB instance in one Region replicates asynchronously to a standby DB instance in a different Region. If one Region becomes unavailable, the instance in the other Region is still available.

See What is Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS)?

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True or False?

Amazon RDS offers security features including network isolation, encryption in transit, and encryption at rest.

True

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What is Amazon Aurora?

Amazon Aurora is a fully managed relational database engine that’s compatible with MySQL and PostgreSQL.

See What is Amazon Aurora?

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Why would you use Amazon Aurora instead of MySQL or PostgreSQL?

Improved performance. Aurora delivers up to five times the throughput of standard MySQL and three times the throughput of PostgreSQL.

See What is Amazon Aurora?

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How does Amazon Aurora improve performance?

With a distributed high-performance storage subsystem.

See What is Amazon Aurora?

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Fill in the blank

Amazon Aurora provides high availability by replicating data across Availability Zones to ____________ storage nodes.

Six (6)
Doing so provides data redundancy, eliminates I/O freezes, and minimizes latency spikes during system backups.

See High availability for Amazon Aurora

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True or False?

An Aurora cluster volume can grow to a maximum size of 128 tebibytes (TiB).

True. The underlying storage grows automatically as needed.

See What is Amazon Aurora?

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True or False?

Amazon Aurora is one of the relational database engines available in Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS).

True. You can choose Aurora MySQL or Aurora PostgreSQL as the DB engine option when setting up new database servers through Amazon RDS. Aurora takes advantage of the familiar Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) features for management and administration.

See How Amazon Aurora works with Amazon RDS

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What is a NoSQL database?

A non-relational database that does not employ a fixed schema. “NoSQL databases use a single data structure—such as key–value pairs, wide columns, graphs, or documents—to hold information…scales easily to manage large, often unstructured datasets.”

See NoSQL on Wikipedia

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What is Amazon DynamoDB?

Study These Flashcards

A fully managed, distributed, serverless, NoSQL database service that provides fast and predictable performance for both document and key-value data structures.

See What is Amazon DynamoDB?

True or False?

Amazon DynamoDB on-demand offers pay-per-request pricing.

Study These Flashcards

You only pay for the throughput you actually use. You are billed per read or write request, so your costs directly reflect your actual usage.

See DynamoDB on-demand capacity mode

True or False?

Amazon DynamoDB delivers single-digit millisecond response times at any scale.

Study These Flashcards

True. It maintains consistent performance by automatically distributing data across multiple servers and SSDs.

See What is Amazon DynamoDB?

True or False?

By default, Amazon DynamoDB automatically replicates your data across three Availability Zones to provide high durability and a 99.99% availability Service Level Agreement (SLA).

Study These Flashcards

True.

How do you achieve multi-region resilience with Amazon DynamoDB?

Study These Flashcards

Amazon DynamoDB global tables provide multi-active replication of your data across your chosen AWS Regions with 99.999% availability. Because global tables are multi-active, you don’t need a primary table. This means there are no complicated or delayed fail-overs, or database downtime when failing over an application between Regions.

See What is Amazon DynamoDB?

True or False?

By default, DynamoDB encrypts all customer data at rest.

Study These Flashcards

True. Also by default, DynamoDB encrypts data in transit using HTTPS.

See Encryption best practices for Amazon DynamoDB

What service does Amazon offer to improve the performance of Amazon DynamoDB?

Study These Flashcards

DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) is a fully managed, highly available caching service built for DynamoDB. DAX delivers up to 10 times performance improvement – from milliseconds to microseconds – even at millions of requests per second.

See In-memory acceleration with DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX)

# True or False? The AWS management console includes dashboards for Amazon RDS and Amazon DynamoDB.

True

What are two scenarios that cause performance bottlenecks with relational databases?

1. High read traffic volumes 2. Complex queries on large datasets

How can performance bottlenecks in relational databases be addressed?

With an **in-memory cache**, which temporarily stores frequently accessed data in system memory, i.e. RAM, which enables extremely fast processing and retrieval speeds (compared to traditional disk-based storage.) Queries for frequently accessed data can be returned from the cache without requiring a call to the database.

# Finish the sentence Not only does caching improve query speed, it also....

decreases query volumes on backend databases.

What are some common caching tools?

Redis OSS Valkey Memcached ## Footnote See [Memcached](https://memcached.org/), [Valkey](https://valkey.io/), and [Choosing between Redis OSS and Valkey](https://aws.amazon.com/elasticache/redis/)

What is Amazon ElastiCache?

A fully managed cache, compatible with common caching tools. ## Footnote See [What is Amazon ElastiCache?](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonElastiCache/latest/dg/WhatIs.html)

What are the two approaches to using Amazon ElastiCache?

A serverless cache or a node-based cluster. ## Footnote See [What is Amazon ElastiCache?](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonElastiCache/latest/dg/WhatIs.html)

What are the advantages of Amazon ElastiCache serverless caching?

* Simple setup in under a minute * No need to provision instances or configure nodes or clusters * No need to plan or manage capacity * Automatic scaling ## Footnote See [What is Amazon ElastiCache?](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonElastiCache/latest/dg/WhatIs.html)

What are the advantages of creating a node-based cluster with Amazon ElastiCache?

* Fine-grained control of the cluster * Ability to operate the cluster in a single AZ or across multiple AZs * Control over when patches are applied to your Valkey or Redis OSS cluster ## Footnote See [What is Amazon ElastiCache?](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonElastiCache/latest/dg/WhatIs.html)

# True or False? When using Amazon ElastiCache, both the serverless and cluster approaches are compatible with Valkey, Memcached, or Redis OSS.

True ## Footnote See [What is Amazon ElastiCache?](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonElastiCache/latest/dg/WhatIs.html)

# True or False? Amazon ElastiCache supports encryption of data at-rest and in-transit.

True. ## Footnote See [Data security in Amazon ElastiCache](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonElastiCache/latest/dg/encryption.html)

What is MongoDB?

"MongoDB is a source-available, cross-platform, document-oriented database program. Classified as a NoSQL database product, MongoDB uses JSON-like documents with optional schemas." ## Footnote See [Wikipedia MongoDB](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MongoDB)

What is Amazon DocumentDB?

Amazon DocumentDB makes it easy to set up, operate, and scale MongoDB-compatible databases in the cloud. ## Footnote See [What is Amazon DocumentDB (with MongoDB compatibility)](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/documentdb/latest/developerguide/what-is.html)

What is a graph database?

"A graph database is a specialized NoSQL database designed for storing and querying data that is connected via defined relationships. Data points in a graph database are called nodes and these nodes are connected to related data via edges. The data attached to each node are known as properties." ## Footnote See [What is a graph database?](https://www.influxdata.com/graph-database/)

What are 3 common use cases for a graph database?

Social network user connection mapping, fraud detection systems, and search and recommendation systems.

What is Amazon Neptune?

Amazon Neptune is a fast, reliable, fully managed graph database service that makes it easy to build and run applications that work with highly connected datasets. ## Footnote See [What is Amazon Neptune?](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/intro.html)

What is Amazon Managed Blockchain?

Services to easily create, manage, and access blockchain infrastructure using AMB Access and query data from supported public blockchain networks using AMB Query. ## Footnote See [Amazon Managed Blockchain Documentation](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/managed-blockchain/)

# Fill in the blank ____________ provides a centralized backup console, a set of backup APIs, and the AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI) to manage backups across the AWS services that your applications use.

AWS Backup ## Footnote See [What is AWS Backup?](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/aws-backup/latest/devguide/whatisbackup.html)

# True or False? AWS Backup includes support for backups of DynamoDB tables, RDS instances, and Aurora clusters, DocumentDB clusters and Netpune clusters.

True. AWS Backup is a fully-managed service that makes it easy to centralize and automate data protection across AWS services, in the cloud, and on premises. In addition to database backups, AWS backup supports backups of EC2 instances, EKS clusters, EBS volumes, S3 data, EFS file systems and FSx file systems. ## Footnote See [What is AWS Backup?](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/aws-backup/latest/devguide/whatisbackup.html)

Module 7 - Databases Flashcards

(43 cards)