Christina Fall 25 :) > MSK: Lab 2 > Flashcards

MSK: Lab 2 Flashcards

(86 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

is lumbar spine easy to diagnose?

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

localized pain
referred pain
radiating pain

A

localized pain –> pain felt directly at site
referred pain –> pain percieved at different location from source, usually in shared nerve pathways
radiating pain –> pain that spreads along a nerve pathway, often due to nerve root or peripheral nerve irritation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

if you bend forward and leg hurts

A

back issue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

if you move leg and leg doesnt hurt, move back and the leg hurts

A

the back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

does referred pain go below the knee?

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

does radiating pain go down the knee?

A

yes

burning, shooting
only structure that radiates –> nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

disc herniation age

A

15-40

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

AS age

A

18-45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

OA/degenerative spondylosis age

A

> 45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

spine tumor age

A

> 50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

LBP is more common in ?

A

women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

length of symptoms for lumbar pain

A

acute: 3-4 days
subacute: 12 weeks or longer
chronic: longer than 12 weeks (3 months)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

radiation of symptoms
leg dominant pain:
back dominant pain:

A

leg dominant pain: disc herniation
back dominant pain: mechanical LBP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

pain with intrathecal pressure

A

(spinal column)
pain with cough, sneeze, deep breathing, laugh

note: typically disc herniation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

sleep positions least pressure on spine to most

A

supine –> sidelying –>prone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

cancer

A

> 50 or <17
hx of cancer
unexplained wt loss/night pain
failure to improve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

infection

A

hx of immunosuppression
prolonged fever or illness
hx of drug use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

vertebral fx

A

medication

mild trauma >50

age >70

hx of osteoporosis

recent major trauma

bruising over spine

follow trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

flattened spine

A

possible stenosis, lateral shift, disc herniation

short hammies, weak hip flexors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

excessive lordosis

A

possible pelvic crossed syndrome

short ES and hip flexors, core and hip ext weak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

swayback (reduced lordosis)

A

thoracic kyphosis + posterior pelvic tilt

hips hypeextended

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

lateral shift is in what plane and which position

A

frontal plane

shld away from area of pain

+1 for disc herniation
+1 for lumbar radiculopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

lateral shift how do you treat?

A

must treat lateral shift first!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

functional tests

Double Limb Squat

A

need to do even if disselect scanning

-see how move
-see how compensate

note: if mvmt is full and pt performs easily w/o symptoms unlikely issue with hip,knee,foot or ankle joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
functional tests SLS single limb stance
note abormal posture sway, assistance required, reproduction of symptoms, side to side differences
26
SLS single limb squat
if indicated! depth,assistance, symptoms
27
abnormal findings in both tests SLS
Trendelenberg sign (-) test: hips neutral (+) test: contralateral hip drops Poor balance Normal: >30 sec each side Abnormal: <30 sec each side
28
for functional tests assess both ___ and ___ of movements prior to onset of symptoms
quality and duration
29
lumbar spine AROM/Resisted testing
Standing AROM +/- overpressure - Flex/ext -L/R side bending Quadrant testing (if needed) -L/R flex -L/R ext Seated AROM +/- overpressure -L/R rotation Objective ROM measurements: inclinometry -Same as above -Can use single or double inclinometry
30
when doing lumbar spine AROM/resisted testing what are you looking for?
Looking for: loss of ROM, symptom reproduction, deviations in movements, weakness
31
Resisted isometric movements Test in lengthened positions ______ Test in neutral positions if ____
Test in lengthened positions if no pain w/ AROM or OP Test in neutral positions if pain present w/ AROM or OP
32
objective ROM measurements : inclinometry
f/e --> T12 or T12/S1 SB --> need 2 measurements
33
when do you do quadrant testing?
L/R flex L/R ext if get through all w/o symptoms --> low irritability so then do this! if can get symptoms before dont need to! facets*
34
lumbar spine AROM Testing w/ radiating symptoms
only radiating pain patients
35
lumbar spine AROM Testing w/ radiating symptoms Repeated Motions Testing
Extension positions: prone (easiest) --> standing (most difficult) 10 reps and re-assess Flexion positions: supine (easiest) --> sitting (more difficult) --> standing (most difficult) 10 reps and re-assess Lateral shift correction: PT should perform side glide 1st if present 10 reps and re-assess
36
for repeated motions testing what do you start with first?
whatever you suspect
37
For repeated motions testing what is the goal?
centralization; patient must do all 10 note: peripheralization is symptoms are radiating further from central
38
does intensity have baring on centralization or peripheralization?
NO! note: if pain worse but get smaller --> better/centralization
39
what happens if not strong enough to do crunch in supine?
muscle is limiting --> so just sit them up
40
patient doesnt respond and peripheralize with both f/e
traction (for however long) then try it again to see if directional --> once get better --> stability -no directional preference
41
muscle endurance tests
isometric extensor (Sorenson) Dynamic abdominal endurance test
42
What do you do on everybody?
Observation, ROM, resisted testing, Joint play, and palpation
43
Isometric extensor (Sorenson) test: grade 5
5 (normal) = w/ hands clasped behind head, extends lumbar spine, lifting head, chest and ribs from floor (20-30 sec hold)
44
Isometric extensor (Sorenson) test: Grade 4
4 (good) = w/ hands at side, extends lumbar spine, lifting head, chest and ribs from floor (15-20 sec hold)
45
Isometric extensor (Sorenson) test: Grade 3
3 (fair) = w/ hands at side, extends lumbar spine, lifting sternum from floor (10-15 sec hold)
46
Isometric extensor (Sorenson) test: Grade 2
2 (poor) = w/ hands at side, extends lumbar spine, lifting head off of floor (1-10 sec hold)
47
Dynamic abdominal endurance test: grade 5
5 (normal) = hands behind neck until scapulae clear table (20-30 sec hold)
48
Dynamic abdominal endurance test: grade 4
4 (good) = arms crossed over chest until scapulae clear table (15 sec hold)
49
Dynamic abdominal endurance test: grade 3
3 (fair) = arms straight until scapulae clear table (10-15 sec hold)
50
Dynamic abdominal endurance test: grade 2
2 (poor) = arms extended towards knees until top of scapulae lift from table (1-15 sec hold)
51
Dynamic abdominal endurance test: grade 1
1 (trace) = unable to raise more than head off table
52
dynamic abdominal endurance test what grade? if pt can either can clear scapulae but less them
2
53
if cant clear whole scapulae with more time?
2
54
neurologic tests: myotomes
assess strength with 5 second mm contractions -if no weakness or deficits observed during testing, but PT suspects involvement at that level --> repeat same test for 3-5 reps looking for muscle fatigueability
55
myotomes mms strain vs neuro issue
mms strain: weak from start neuro issue: fatiguable
56
toe walking
S1-S2 walk away
57
heel walking
L4 walk towards
58
Psoas muscle length flexibility tests (2)
Ely's Test Modified Thomas
59
Rectus femoris muscle length (2 tests) - flexibility
Ely's Test Modified Thomas
60
Flexilibility Piriformis muscle length
1. turn foot in ER 2. IR *test in patients with sciatic nerve pain, rotation deficits, deep tender to palpation
61
Flexibility hamstring muscle length
decrease hip flexion PPT *test both sides
62
when do you check psoas and RF length?
decrease extension APT with lumbar lordosis
63
neurodynamic/neuroprovocation tests Slump test
Pt in seated positions w/ hands behind back Ask pt to flex head and neck then flex thoracic and lumbar spine PT or pt extends pt’s knee then DF’s ankle If symptoms ↑, ask pt to lift head and neck (+) test = posterior back/thigh symptoms Δ w/ proximal or distal movements note: sensitizer is what makes symptoms appear and then ask to flex head
64
SLR
Straight Leg Raise (SLR) test: Assess back/posterior thigh symptoms PT lifts pt’s leg up while keeping their knee straight and ‘goes as high as they can’ passively while assessing pt’s response (+) test = concordant symptoms in 30(35)° - 70° range
65
Well/Crossed Leg SLR tests
Well/Crossed leg SLR test: ↑ pain/symptom reproduction into involved leg w/ uninvolved SLR (+) test suggests large disc herniation that may benefit from lumbar traction ex: lift L leg and R leg symptoms reproduce
66
Neurodynamic/Neuroprovocation Tests Prone knee bend test (femoral nerve):
Pt lies prone and PT passively flexes knee until symptoms reproduced in anterior thigh (typically in L2-3 dermatomal pattern) **Test may also be performed in sidelying to minimize effects of gravity
67
who do you do prone knee bend test
numbness and tingle anterior
68
What is a positive for prone knee bent test?
(+) test = symptoms reproduced b/t 80-100º knee flexion *feel in front of leg (burning) lift head (ext) --> worse +
69
what is a negative test for prone knee bent test?
(-) test = -Absence of symptoms -Any symptoms reproduced <80º knee flexion (indicates joint dysfunction) -Any symptoms reproduced >100º knee flex (indicates RF tightness or lumbar spine dysfunction)
70
joint play assessment for lumbar spine and sacrum/PSIS
Lumbar Spine -L1-S1 PA spring test -Central (CPA) -Unilateral (UPA) Sacrum/PSIS -Central -Unilateral
71
for prone knee bent sidelying if you tell pt to flex neck vs extend neck what is the feeling?
flex ---> worse ext --> better
72
joint play assessment done on who?
everyone!
73
Posterior glide = Anterior glide =
flexion extension
74
Special Tests: Prone instability test:
Pt positioned in prone w/ hips flexed and feet resting on floor PT cues pt to relax trunk muscles, then applies PA force over most symptomatic spinous process then releases Assess any reproduction of concordant symptoms PT cues pt to hold onto sides of table and lift their feet off the floor PT applies same PA force over spinous process Assess any △ in symptoms (+) test = ↓ pain w/ mm activation during 2nd part of test (feet lifted)
75
prone instability test positive
(+) test = ↓ pain w/ mm activation during 2nd part of test (feet lifted)
76
Special Test Bicycle or Stoop test for intermittent claudication:
1st position: upright Record time until sx arise 2nd position: stooped Record time until sx arise (+) test: sx improve w/ stooped posture **Can also perform test by walking (flat ground vs uphill)**
77
positive for Bicycle or Stoop test for intermittent claudication:
(+) test: sx improve w/ stooped posture
78
unilateral UPA notes
test both sides because one side opens one closes -press on TP --> rotation
79
if got sided SI pain where do you press?
PSIS -even if only one side hurts -still do both sides
80
when do you do UPA
only with sided pain
81
when do you do CPA?
on everyone!
82
what do you access with lumbar joint pain?
mobility grade symptoms
83
who needs a prone instability test?
stability group, dont like prolonged stuff, endurance issues, cant sit still ,hypermobile
84
who do you not do prone instability test on?
hypomobile!
85
who do you do bicycle or stoop test for?
patients with radiating pain in leg -stenotic, flat feet note: these patients are flexor responders, pts dont like extension
86
Waddell’s Test for Non-Organic Symptoms: Stimulation:
Waddell’s Test for Non-Organic Symptoms: Stimulation: Axial compression: gently push on head and lumbar spine symptoms reproduced Trunk rotation: twist hips w/ hands at sides Regional: sensory and weakness deficits Tenderness: superficial and non-surgical Distraction (look for inconsistencies): SLR Bending Limping Over-reaction: Less reliable than other signs ***>3/5 (+) tests indicates symptom exaggeration***
Christina Fall 25 :)
flashcards
Decks in class (137)
# Cards
Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2026 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions