1
Q
pKa < pH
A
deprotonation
2
Q
pKa > pH
A
protonation
3
Q
epimers
A
differ in orientation at only one stereocenter
4
Q
stereocenter configuration (S/R)
A
R = priority is clockwise
S = priotity is counterclockwise
5
Q
fisher diagram (wedges/dashes)
A
- dashes into the page
- wedges come out of the page
6
Q
gas chromatography
A
- gases closer to the injection chamber have a high bp, strong interaction with liquid phase, longer retention time
- gases at end of chamber have low bp, weak interaction with liquid phase, shorter retention time
7
Q
IR spectroscopy
A
identification of functional groups
8
Q
IR O-H band
A
broad at 3300cm^-1
9
Q
IR N-H band
A
sharp at 3300cm^-1
10
Q
IR C=O band
A
sharp at 1750cm^-1
11
Q
UV spectroscopy
A
compounds containing double bonds or heteroatoms with lone pairs that create conjugated systems
12
Q
1H NMR
A
- each peak or group of peaks that are part of a multiplet represents a single group of equivalent protons
- the position of the peak (upfield or downfield) is due to shielding or deshielding effects and reflects the chemical environment of the protons
13
Q
alkyl group H NMR
A
0 to 3ppm
14
Q
alkynes H NMR
A
2 to 3ppm
15
Q
alkenes H NMR
A
4.6 to 6ppm
16
Q
aromatics H NMR
A
6 to 8.8ppm
17
Q
aldehydes H NMR
A
9 to 10ppm
18
Q
carboxylic acids H NMR
A
10.5 to 12ppm
MCAT
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