Epidemiology > Parvovirus > Flashcards

Parvovirus Flashcards

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1
Q

Porcine Parvoviral Disease

Most susceptible

A

First pregnancy gilts

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2
Q

Porcine Parvoviral Disease

Spread

A

Faeces, saliva, semen, fomites

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3
Q

Porcine Parvoviral Disease

Pathogenesis

A

PO->gut->blood->viraemia->fetal damage->SMEDI

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4
Q

Porcine Parvoviral Disease

Primary Replication Site

A

Small Intestine

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5
Q

Porcine Parvoviral Disease

Target Organs

A

organs with rapid cell division: intestines, fetuses

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6
Q

Porcine Parvoviral Disease

Clinical Signs

A

<30 days: reabsorbed
30-70d: mummified
>70d: dead/born weak/healthy

*High mortality of fetuses

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7
Q

Porcine Parvoviral Disease

Pathology

A
  • different sized fetuses
  • SC hemorrhages
  • calcification of placenta
  • hepatitis, nephritis
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8
Q

Porcine Parvoviral Disease

Diagnosis

A

IF, PCR, Virus isolation

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9
Q

Porcine Parvoviral Disease

Treatment

A
  • No treatment

* sow goes back to normal after SMEDI

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10
Q

Porcine Parvoviral Disease

Prevention & immunity

A
  • Maternal immunity: <6mo
  • inavticated(live) vaccine at 6mo&prior to breeding
  • Life-long immunity
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11
Q

Parvovirus canine enteritis

Most Susceptible

A

Young dogs

6 weeks - 6 months

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12
Q

Parvovirus canine enteritis

Spread

A

direct contact, faeces, infected animal, fomites

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13
Q

Parvovirus canine enteritis

Pathogenesis

A

PO->lymphoid tissue oropharynx->viraemia->systemic ilness

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14
Q

Parvovirus canine enteritis

Primary Replication

A

Lymphoid tissue of
oropharynx

4-5d incubation

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15
Q

Parvovirus canine enteritis

Target Organs

A

Organs with rapidly dividing cells: *SI crypts(diarrhea)

  • Lymphopoetic tissue(luekopenia,immunesupression),
  • Myocardial cells(young animals, deah)
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16
Q

Parvovirus canine enteritis

Clinical Signs

A
  • Young puppies(3-8wo): myocardial damage, sudden death
  • Older puppies(>8wo) general CS, acute gastroenteritis, vomiting, severe bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, dehydration
  • subclinical infection is possible
  • high mortality of young
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17
Q

Parvovirus canine enteritis

Pathology & Histopathology

A
  • Inflamed, red intestines with haemorrhages

* Basophilic nuclear inclusion bodies in intestine&heart.

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18
Q

Parvovirus canine enteritis

Diagnosis

A 
Anamnesis, Clinical Signs and 
PM lesions
PCR in feces
ELISA
*Seropositivity can also be due to vaccination
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19
Q

Parvovirus Canine enteritis

Treatment

A 
Symptomatic treatment:
 •Rehydration
• Liquid Replacements 
• Anti-emetics
• Colloid Treatment
•Antibiotics
Hyperimmune serum before CS
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20
Q

Parvovirus canine enteritis

Prevention & Immunity

A
  • Maternal immunity until 3-4mo

* Iive attenuated/inactivated polyvalent vaccine (every 3-4w, >8wo, ->yearly)

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21
Q

Feline Panleukopaenia Virus

Most susceptible

A

*Kittens 2 weeks - 6 months
*Pregnant queens
*Immunosupressant
animals

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22
Q

Feline Panleukopaenia Virus

Spread

A

Highly contagious!

Direct contact, secretions,fleas, fomites

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23
Q

Feline Panleukopaenia Virus

Pathogenesis

A

PO/inhalation->pharyngeal lymphoid tissue->viraemia>systemic illness

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24
Q

Feline Panleukopaenia Virus

Primary Replication

A

Pharyngeal lymphoid tissue

5-7d incubation

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25
Feline Panleukopaenia Virus Target Organs
* SI crypt: diarrhea * Bone marrow: anemia * Lymhpoid cells: leukopenia * Myocardial cells: sudden death * Fetuses: transplacental infection- stem cell destruction->abortion, malformations
26
Feline Panleukopaenia Virus Clinical Signs
* young animals usually die before CS | * non specific cs initially then acute enteritis, severe bloody diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dehydration
27
Feline Panleukopaenia Virus Pathology & Histopathology
* inflamed&red intestines with hemorrhages * cerebral hypoplasia in kittens * Basophilic nuclear inclusion bodies in intestinal and heart cells
28
Feline Panleukopaenia Virus Diagnosis
``` Anamnesis, Clinical Signs and PM lesions PCR from faeces ELISA low WBC count *Seropositivity due to vaccination can occur ```
29
Feline Panleukopaenia Virus Treatment
``` Symptomatic treatment: • Rehydration • Liquid Replacements • Anti-emetics • Colloid Treatment •Antibiotics Hyperimmune serum before CS ```
30
Feline Panleukopaenia Virus Prevention & Immunity
Hygiene * Maternal immunity for up to 3-4mo * Inactivated/live attenuated polyvalent vaccines (every 3-4w from 8wo, then yearly)
31
Mink Parvoviral Enteritis Most susceptible
All ages but most serious in kits.
32
Mink Parvoviral Enteritis Spread
Highly contagious | infected animal, faeces,fomites
33
Mink Parvoviral Enteritis Pathogenesis
PO/inhalation->pharyngeal lymphoid tissue->viraemia >systemic illness
34
Mink Parvoviral Enteritis Target organ
Pharyngeal lymphoid tissue | incubation: 5-7d
35
Mink Parvoviral Enteritis Target Organs
* SI crypt: diarrhea * Bone marrow: anemia * Lymhpoid cells: leukopenia * Myocardial cells: young animals, sudden death
36
Mink Parvoviral Enteritis Clinical Signs
* initial, non-specific signs(anorexia,fever,depression)-> acute gastroenteritis(vomiting, watery bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, dehydration * up to 80% mortality in young
37
Mink Parvoviral Enteritis Pathology & Histopathology
* Inflamed and red intestines with haemorrhages | * Basophilic nuclear inclusion bodies in intestinal and heart cells
38
Mink Parvoviral Enteritis Diagnosis
Clinical signs and PM lesions PCR ELISA
39
Mink Parvoviral Enteritis Treatment
``` Symptomatic Treatment: • Rehydration • Liquid Replacements • Anti-emetics • Colloid Treatment • Antibiotics ```
40
Mink Parvoviral Enteritis Prevention & Immunity
* culling/isolating all mink showing CS * healthy minks should be vaccinated * Live attenuated or inactivated polyvalent vaccines (2 every 4w from 8wo, then yearly)
41
Auletian Mink Disease (Plasmocytosis) Most susceptible
* ZOONOTIC * Blue-grey colour variant (50% mortality) * All colours may be infected (5% mortality)
42
Auletian Mink Disease (Plasmocytosis) Spread
*infected mink, secretions , intrauterine infection, vertical transmission!
43
Auletian Mink Disease (Plasmocytosis) Pathogenesis
PO/Inhalation —> Pharynx lymphoid tissue —> Vireamia —> Organs with rapid cell division (spleen, liver, lymph organs)
44
Auletian Mink Disease (Plasmocytosis) Primary Replication
Pharynx lymphoid tissue | Incubation: 4-6w
45
Auletian Mink Disease (Plasmocytosis) Target Organs
``` Organs with rapid cell division: • Spleen • Liver • Lymph Organs and Immune System • Fetuses ```
46
Auletian Mink Disease (Plasmocytosis) Clinical Signs
* In young: interstitial pneumonia (can be lethal) * In old: immune complex formation and deposit in tissues -> glomerulonephritis, type 3 hypersensitivity reaction-> vasculitis, arthritis * Fetal damage and abortion * Chronic: Oral, nasal & GI bleeding(bloody faeces), renal failure and uraemia - CNS signs
47
Auletian Mink Disease (Plasmocytosis) Pathology & Histopathology
* Hepatomegaly * Splenomegaly * Swollen Ln * Bleeding and erosions on mm * Atrophy&pitting of kidneys * Arteritis * Plasma cell proliferation in kidneys, liver, spleen, lns
48
Auletian Mink Disease (Plasmocytosis) Diagnosis
* CS& PM lesions * PCR * virus isolation * immune complexes detection
49
Auletian Mink Disease (Plasmocytosis) Treatment
Symptomatic& Ab treatment
50
Auletian Mink Disease (Plasmocytosis) Prevention & Immunity
Slaughter all seropositive animals -> Eradication No vaccine!
51
Derzsy’s Disease (Goose/Duck Plague/Viral Hepatitis/Parvoviral enteritis/Influenza) Spread
GPD: Domestic geese& Muscovy duck MDPV: Muscovy duck& Barbari Duck *Cross reaction is possible * Faeces/infected animal * Vertical: SC infected animals-> infect eggs-> embryo dies/hatch-> infect other day old hatchlings
52
Derzsy’s Disease (Goose/Duck Plauge/Viral Hepatitis/Parvoviral enteritis/Influenza) Pathogenesis
PO -> SI epithelium -> Vireamia—> Parenchymal organs: Liver, Heart muscle, Blood vessel wall
53
Derzsy’s Disease (Goose/Duck Plauge/Viral Hepatitis/Parvoviral enteritis/Influenza) Primary Replication
SI epithelium Incubation: 1w
54
Derzsy’s Disease (Goose/Duck Plauge/Viral Hepatitis/Parvoviral enteritis/Influenza) Target Organs
* Liver * Heart muscle, * Blood vessel wall
55
Derzsy’s Disease (Goose/Duck Plauge/Viral Hepatitis/Parvoviral enteritis/Influenza) Clinical Signs
* 1do hatchling: cold like symptoms, diarrhea, ascites, fibrinous pseudomembrane in tongue, high water consumption - death within 1-2d * if survives -> chronic form (growth&feather retardation, also in partially protected hatchlings)
56
Derzsy’s Disease (Goose/Duck Plauge/Viral Hepatitis/Parvoviral enteritis/Influenza) Most susceptible
Age dependent * up to 100% mortality under 7-10do * No CS >6wo
57
Derzsy’s Disease (Goose/Duck Plauge/Viral Hepatitis/Parvoviral enteritis/Influenza) Pathology & Histopathology
*GPV: ball shaped heart with tiger stripes, Fibrin&ascites , hemorrhages in mm
58
Derzsy’s Disease (Goose/Duck Plauge/Viral Hepatitis/Parvoviral enteritis/Influenza) Diagnosis
CS , PM, Inoculated eggs, embryonic cell cultures, Ab detection
59
Derzsy’s Disease (Goose/Duck Plauge/Viral Hepatitis/Parvoviral enteritis/Influenza) Treatment
Ab | Hyperimmune serum for day old hatchlings
60
Derzsy’s Disease (Goose/Duck Plauge/Viral Hepatitis/Parvoviral enteritis/Influenza) Prevention & Immunity
* Do not use survivors for breeding * avoid incubating& hatching of different flocks together * Serological test for any geese in contact with the virus/imported * Attenuated, Inactivated and Recombinant Vaccines (all breeding animals, before laying, end of laying)
61
Parvovirus General Characteristics
ssDNA, Icosahedral, no envelope, replicated in rapidly dividing cells, stenoxen, long life immunity, highly resistant
Epidemiology
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