___ an event that creates a demand
stressor
– normal part of healthy development. Everyday demands (i.e. taking a test, meeting new people) where you may experience increase in heart rate and mild elevations in stress hormones, but your body quickly returns to its normal state
positive stress response
results from more serious stressors or events (i.e. car accident). Your body is in higher alert and strain. However, with comfort and support your body can recover from these effects.
tolerable stress response
– when exposed to severe, frequent, or prolonged trauma and there is also insufficient support from others. The impact of this stress on your body can include changes in the brain’s architecture and functioning, can affect learning and development, and can impact long-term health outcomes.
toxic stress response
When we appraise a stressor as THREATENING, the natural reaction is ___
fear
Stress reactions, and the fear they produce, are often at play_______
psychological disorder
Both begin with “Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence.”
acute stress disorder and PTSD
_____ and intense physiological reactivity associated with traumatic event
Intrusive symptoms
Persistent _____ of stimuli related to trauma
avoidance
Alterations in ______ and ____ associated with event and inability to experience positive emotions
cognition and mood
Heightened autonomic _____ and ____
_____: state of ongoing anxiety in which the person is constantly tense and alert for threats
- arousal or reactivity
- Hypervigilance:
ASD last how long
PTSD last how long
- three days to a month
- last longer than a month
___ and stress disorders
For years clinicians have recognized that soldiers experience distress during _____
Called “shell shock” or “combat fatigue”
- combat
called what shell shock or combat fatique
____ and stress disorders
Acute or posttraumatic stress disorders may also follow _________ disasters
Types of disasters include earthquakes, floods, tornadoes, fires, airplane crashes, and serious car accidents
____ more common than combat traumas
disasters
natural and accidental
10 times
____ and stress disorders
People who have been abused or victimized often experience lingering stress symptoms
Victimization
A common form of victimization is sexual assault/rape
Around ____ is raped at some time during her life
Around 1 in 10 rape victims is male
54% of victims are age 18-34
- ____ victimization and abuse in the family may also lead to stress disorders.
- The threat or experience of ____ often leads to posttraumatic stress symptoms, as does the experience of ____
1 and 6 women
- ongoing
- terrorism
- torture
Lack of _____after trauma may be the most important factor
social support
women are __-as likely as men to suffer stress disorder
twice
treatment of PTSD biological
SSRI antidepressants
PTG is a theory that describes a ____ experienced _____ of the struggle with a major life crisis or a traumatic event. Those who do experience PTG generally have sustained ___ over time
positive change
as a result
improvement
– helping your body to calm down and de-stress.
relaxation
alert awareness of your thoughts and emotions in the present moment along with calm, non-judgmental acceptance
mindfulness
