What makes up a GN screen?
ANCA, ANA, Anti-GBM, RF, C3/4
Myelomais >60
Immunoglobulins, electrophoresis, urine BJP
Definition of AKI
Rise in creatinine >26 in <48 hrs
or
A >50% rise in last 7 days
or
Urine output < 0.5ml/kg/hr for >6hrs
Creatinine in stage 3 AKI
> 3x baseline
Indications for dialysis
Pulomonary oedema
Hyperkalaemia
Severe metabolic acidosis
Uraemia complications (encephalopathy)
Why should blood transfusions be avoided in people awaiting transplant if possible?
To prevent development of HLA antibodies
What is the most common composition of renal stones?
Calcium oxalate (85%)
Commonest bacteria in PD peritonitis?
Staph epi (coagulase -ve)
followed by staph aureus
Commonest inherited renal diseases?
PKD and Alport’s
Is ADPKD assoc with malignancy?
No
Renal cysts & renal malignancy
Von Hippel Lindau
Tumour marker in seminomas
HCG
LDH possibly
Tumour markers in non-seminomas
AFP +/- HCG
String of beads appearance on angiography
Fibromuscular dysplasia
Young female, HTN and asymmetric kidneys
Fibromuscular dysplasia
Causes of acute renal vein thrombosis
Acute pyelo
RCC
Causes of chronic renal vein thrombosis
Amyloid
Nephrotic syndrome due to GN (membranous)
Men with BRCA mutation
Increased risk of prostate cancer
Prevention of calcium stones
Thiazides
Hydration
Lemon juice to H20
Prevention of oxalate stones
Cholestyramine
Pyridoxine
Prevention of uric acid stones
Allopurinol
Urinary alkalisation with oral bicarb
Biopsy findings GPA
crescentic
Biopsy findings goodpastures
Linear IgG deposition
GN associated with nephritic syndrome
Rapidly prog
IgA
Alports
GN associated with nephrotic syndrome
Membranous
FSGS
Minimal change
Amyloidosis
