Sleep

Question 1

Insomnia

Answer 1

difficulty falling or staying asleep

Question 2

Parasomnias

Answer 2

Involve unwanted motor behavior or expressions throughout the sleep cycle Ie. RBD sleepwalking restless syndrome and Night Terrors

Question 3

Sleep apnea

Answer 3

Occurs when individuals stop breathing during their sleep and in the case of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome infants will stop breathing during sleep and die

Question 4

Narcolepsy

Answer 4

An irresistible urge to fall asleep during waking hours and is often associated with cataplexy and hallucination

Question 5

Stages of sleep

Answer 5

stage 1 closes eyes but awake, brain activity slows to a large amplitude and slow alpha waves
1/2
early light sleep, the brain enters a high amplitude slow, regular wave form called theta waves (daydreaming) 30-40 minutes
2
increased spindles (brief high frequency bursts), k-complexes (high amplitude waves
3
deepest sleep, brain slows down, large amplitude, slow delta waves 1.5-4 cps, low frequency
4
deepest sleep stage, after which the sleep cycle starts moving backwards to stage 1
5
Still asleep, brain emerges in low amplitude, fast and regular beta waves 15-40 cps much like awake-aroused state

Question 6

Alpha waves

Answer 6

type of relatively low frequency, relatively high amplitude brain wave that becomes synchronized, beginning of stage 1 sleep

Question 7

Theta wave

Answer 7

low frequency, low amplitude brain wave, at the end of stage 1

Question 8

Sleep spindle

Answer 8

rapid burst of high frequency brain waves during stage 2, may be important for learning and memory

Question 9

K-complex

Answer 9

very high amplitude pattern of brain activity in stage 2, may occur in response to environmental stimuli

Question 10

REM sleep (rapid eye movement)

Answer 10

brain waves very similar to those during wakefulness

Question 11

non-REM (NREM)

Answer 11

period of sleep outside periods of REM sleep

Question 12

cycles

Answer 12

With each 90 min cycle, stage 4 sleep decreases, and the duration of REM sleep decreases, REM-paralysis

Question 13

Restless leg syndrome

Answer 13

where the sufferer has uncomfortable sensations in the legs when trying to fall asleep that are relieved by moving the legs

Question 14

Sleep

Answer 14

a state marked by relatively low levels of physical activity and reduced sensory awareness that is distinct from periods of rest that occur during wakefulness

Question 15

Night terror

Answer 15

u experience a sense of panic and may scream or attempt to escape from an immediate environment

Question 16

Central sleep apnea

Answer 16

periods of interrupted breathing due to a distribution in signals sent from the brain that regulate breathing

Question 17

Obstructive sleep apnea

Answer 17

episodes when breathing stops during sleep due to an obstruction in the airway