What happened to Russia’s major cities
Arrival of new large factories and more population travel to city
How much did factory workers increase by
1900 2 million
1913 6 million
1867 and 1917 how much did the urban population increase by
7 to 28 million
Why was there an influx in peasants
Sone settled only temporarily - returning nack to village to help harvest
Some joined migrants - move around every few yers
Others permanently stayed
1914 how many St Petersburg workers were peasants by birth compared to 50 years before
75% compared to 33%
How was the facilities for urban class
INADEQUATE
many workers lived in barrack like buildiings owned by factory owners
THEY WERE
OVERCROWDED
UNHYGIENIC
Was private accommodation any better than the communal places
Not really
still unhygienic
How many people in St Petersburg had no running water or sewage system
40%
How many died of cholera in 1908 - 1909
30,000 in St Petersburg
Where was excrament stored
Piles in back yards and collected by wooden carts at night
Negatives about worker’s wages - RENTS
Rents remained high and took half of workers wages
Those who couldn’t afford rent- lay down in factory alongside machines or lived rough on streets
Who was the lowest paid in 1914
Women earned less than half the average industrial wage
Average industrial wage increased by what
245 to 264 roubles per month
How much was inflation in 1914
40%
Was there attempt to alleviate workers lot
yes
How much were factory working hours reduced by
Reduced to 10 hours
Did working hours reduction apply to workshops
NO
How much did education increase by in primary schools from 1905 to 1914
85%
How much were in full time education by 1914
555
Did striking escalate in 1912
Yes
1914 - there was 3574 stoppages
Gov response to activity = repression
Lena Goldfields massacre
1912
Went on strike for better wages and conditions
Worked long hours for low pay
Went on strike over inedible horsemeat and Bolsheviks helped spread activities
RINGLEADERS ARRESTED
Several thousand miners went to one mine to present petitions
May have been encouraged to al go together in one
270 killed 250 inured
Peasant farmers conditions
Did not improve
Widespread rural poverty
Kulak gap between wealthy and poor
Many forced to migrate
Where was the more prosperous farming
Ukraine and Baltic
What was better off
Areas of former state peasants
OR
areas of former privately owned serfs
Areas of former state peasants
They had been granted more land
