Infection & Immunity 2 > Spirochetes > Flashcards

Spirochetes Flashcards

(18 cards)

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1
Q

How do you characterize the structure of spirochetes

A
  • tightly coiled; corkscrew like
  • have outer membrane, endoflagella, cell wall & membrane
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2
Q

Most important structure spirochetes use to move

A

Axial filament (endoflagella)

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3
Q

Staining techniques used to visualize spirochetes

A
  • carbol fuchsin
  • giemsa
  • silver impregnation
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4
Q

Causative agent of Lyme disease

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

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5
Q

Most important clinical symptoms of dogs w/ lyme disease

A
  • chronic arthritis
  • renal failure (esp. in labs and goldens)
  • polyarthropathy
  • fever
  • swollen lymph nodes
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6
Q

Clinical signs seen in USA vs Europe/Japan

A
  • US: arthritis
  • Japan/Europe: CNS signs
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7
Q

What plays an important role in epidemiology of Borelliosis

A
  • arthropod transmission (ticks)
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8
Q

How long must ticks stay attached to skin to transmit Borrelia

A
  • 48 hrs
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9
Q

What life stage do ticks spread borrelia

A
  • adults
  • ixodes nymphs
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10
Q

Why is culturing so difficult in borreliosis & not routinely used?

A

Extremely long generation time

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11
Q

Why is a C6 antibody test highly specific for B. Burgdorferi

A
  • no rxn w/ other spirochetes
  • distinguishes between vaccinated and natural infection
  • detects presence of borrelia outer protein
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12
Q

What test is recommended for early detection of lyme disease in K9s

A

C6 antibody test

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13
Q

Lyme disease control/prevention

A
  • doxycycline PO: only for dogs w/ clinical signs
  • NSAID for joint pain
  • monitor asymptomatic seropositive dogs
  • Vx high risk dogs
  • avoid tick bites w/ topical fipronil, permethrin, or amitraz
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14
Q

Animal that is most prominent reservoir for Brachyspira hydodysentriae & describe their natural habitat

A
  • swine
  • reside in intestines (infects crypts of liberkuhn and goblet cells)
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15
Q

What is the reason for acute bloody diarrhea in Brachyspira hydodysentriae infections

A
  • invades crypts of liberkuhn and goblet cells (colonic mucosa)
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16
Q

Virulence factor responsible for acute bloody diarrhea in brachyspira hyodysenteriae infection

17
Q

Why is there an absence of brachyspira hydodysenteriae infections in gnotobiotic pigs inoculated w/ the bacteria

Study These Flashcards
A

B. Hydodysenteriae needs presence of normal gut bacteria to grow

18
Q

Microscopy type used to visualize Borrelia

Infection & Immunity 2
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