individuals may reduce
their effort when working in a group because
they believe their individual contribution is
dispensable or unnecessary for the group’s
success, and they can still benefit from the
group’s collective output without putting in
their full effort
Free-rider theory
a motivational loss that
occurs when individuals reduce their effort in
response to perceiving that others in the
group are free-riding or not contributing their
fair share
Sucker effect
motivational gain in
groups, where an individual increases their
effort when working in a group to
compensate for the anticipated or perceived
poor performance of other group members
Social Compensation
The group is
too special or powerful to fail
Illusion of Invulnerability
They
assume their objectives are just and good
Illusion of morality
constructs
negative, simplistic, and often dehumanizing
stereotypes of rivals or critics outside the
group.
Shared Negative Stereotypes
collectively
invent arguments and explanations to justify
their decisions and courses of action,
dismissing or ignoring any warnings, negative
feedback, or contradictory information that
might challenge their shared assumptions
Collective Rationalizations
involves behaviors
such as offering new ideas, coordinating
activities, and finding new information
Task oriented roles
involves
encouraging cohesiveness and participation
Social-Oriented Roles
includes blocking group
activities, calling attention to oneself, and
avoiding group interaction
Individual Roles
5C’s of Effective Team Members
What are the stages of group development (naa sa TOS)
Forming
Storming
Norming
Performing
Adjourning
orienting with others, defining the
task, establishing ground rules
Forming
addressing conflict, establishing
norms, clarifying roles, and building trust
Storming
building unity, developing shared
understanding, establishing processes, and
increasing collaboration
Norming
achieving goals, continuous
improvement, innovation, and high-level
problem-solving
Performing
applies to temporary teams or
project teams that eventually disband
Adjourning