ARDMS > thyroid/neck > Flashcards

thyroid/neck Flashcards

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1
Q

3 paired glands

A

parotid, submandibular, and sublingual

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2
Q

are the largest and are found anterior to ears, extending inferiorly

A

Parotids

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3
Q

Normal sonographic appearance for parotid gland

A

hyperechoic

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4
Q

Salivary Glands are ___ gland that produce ___

A

exocrine , saliva

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5
Q

thyroid - endocrine or exocrine

A

endocrine

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6
Q

the thyroid is responsible for

A

regulating the metabolism

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7
Q

Pituitary sends __ to regulate thyroid hormone production

A

TSH

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8
Q

Thyroid uses ___ to produce its hormones

A

iodine

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9
Q

Superior thyroid artery arises from

A

ECA

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10
Q

Inferior thyroid artery arises from

A

subclavian artery

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11
Q

Superior extension of the isthmus

A

Pyramidal lobe

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12
Q

normal isthmus measurement

A

6-10mm

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13
Q

Esophagus distinguished from mass by having the patient

A

swallow

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14
Q

General term for enlarged thyroid.

A

goiter

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15
Q

sono findings for goiter

A

isthmus > 10 mm, heterogeneous

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16
Q

a goiter may be caused by

A

iodine deficiency, Graves or Hashimoto’s

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17
Q

Most common cause of hyperthyroidism

A

Graves disease / toxic goiter

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18
Q

refers to hypervascularity that is characteristic

A

thyroid inferno

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19
Q

Clinical: Bulging eyes, weight loss, nervousness, intolerant to heat

A

graves disease

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20
Q

Most common cause of hypothyroidism

A

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

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21
Q

another name for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

A

autoimmune lymphocytic thyroiditis

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22
Q

with hashimotos, the Pituitary gland will send more

A

TSH

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23
Q

clinical - weight gain

A

hypothyroidism / hashimotos

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24
Q

clinical - weight loss

A

hyperthyroidism / graves disease

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25
clinical - intolerant to heat
hyperthyroidism
26
clinical - intolerant to cold
hypothyroidism
27
Subacute transient inflammation most often caused by viral infection.
De Quervain's thyroiditis
28
Clinical: Pain and swelling. Phases of hyperfunction, then hypofunction then back to normal.
De Quervain's thyroiditis
29
the most common cause of thyroid nodules AKA multinodular goiter
Nodular Hyperplasia (adenomatous nodules)
30
Solitary, encapsulated nodule
Follicular adenoma
31
Cyst with hyperechoic focus in center
colloid cyst
32
Most common thyroid cancer
Papillary carcinoma
33
Suspicious for cancer if
solitary, hypoechoic with microcalcifications
34
malignant or b9 - Cold on Nuc med
malignant
35
Paired endocrine glands
parathyroid (4)
36
parathyroid measures
5 mm
37
parathyroid glands are ___ regulators
calcium
38
Most common cause of enlargement of parathyroid.
Parathyroid adenoma
39
clinical findings for parathyroid adenoma
Clinical: Hyperparathyroidism, hypercalcemia
40
hypercalcemia is related to
Deposits in kidneys: causes nephrocalcinosis
41
most common neck cyst
Thyroglossal duct cysts
42
cysts that are Superior to thyroid but near the mandible
Branchial cleft cysts
43
>1cm, round, loss of normal echogenic hilum becoming more solid and hypoechoic, hyperemic (increased blood flow)
Cervical lymphadenopathy
44
most common b9 nodules are
nodular hyperplasia / hyperplastic adenomas
45
the main duct for the parotid gland is the
Stensen duct
46
the submandibular gland is drained by the
wharton duct
47
most common malignancy of the salivary glands
mucoepidermoid
48
b9 and most frequent tumor of the salivary glands
pleomorphic adenoma
49
the thyroid is an __ gland
endocrine
50
superior extension of the isthmus
pyramidal lobe
51
tsh is released by the
pituitary gland
52
the most abundant hormone produced by the thyroid
thyroxine
53
the first branch of the eca is
superior thyroid artery
54
the muscles that are located posterior to thyroid
longus colli
55
normal thyroid measurement
4-6 cm length, 2-3 cm width, 1-2 cm AP
56
on nuclear medicine, most cancers are __functioning
hypofunction / cold nodules
57
another name for cystic hygroma
lymphangioma
58
medical term for bulging eyes
exophthalmos
59
the strap muscles are __ to the thyroid
anterior
60
the sternocleidomastoid muscle of the neck is __ to the thyroid
anterolateral
61
the longus colli muscle is __ to the thyroid
posterior
62
what controls the release of hormones produced by the thyroid
TSH
63
what vascular structure is located posterior to the panc body/tail
splenic vein
64
65
What muscle does fibromatosis colli mostly affect
Sternocleidomastoid
66
Fluid produced by the thyroid gland that contains thyroid hormones is
Colloid
67
What muscle does fibromatosis most affect 
Sternocleidomastoid
68
The fluid produced by the thyroid gland that contains thyroid hormones is referred to as
Colloid
69
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma typically starts in the
Parotid gland
70
B9 of most frequent tumor of salivary glands
Pleomorphic adenoma
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