Unit 3 exam

Question 1

What did Edward Jenner show in one of the most famous pioneering studies in immunology?

Answer 1

If humans contracted the milder cowpox disease, they were protected from contracting more severe smallpox disease.

Question 2

What are the two kinds of acquired immune response?

Answer 2

Antibody-mediated and cell-mediated.

Question 3

In order, what are the three steps leading to acquired immunity.

Answer 3

Recognition, amplification and resolution.

Question 4

Which cells of the immune system develop into plasma cells?

Answer 4

b cells

Question 5

Which of the following cell types are phagocytic cells that can engulf foreign substances?
a. B lymphocytes
b. plasma cells
c. macrophages
d. t cells

Answer 5

c. macrophages

Question 6

T cells are activated to attack infected cells when antigen is presented to them in what way?

Answer 6

on an antigen presenting cell

Question 7

How is passive immunity accomplished?

Answer 7

transferring antibodies from an immune animal to a non-immune animal.

Question 8

When an animals immune system does not recognize its own tissues as self, what condition can result?

Answer 8

Autoimmune disease

Question 9

You prepare a microscope slide coated with some fluid from a surgical wound. After you add gram stain to the slide, you notice small round cells with a blue color. What is likely present?

Answer 9

Gram positive cocci

Question 10

What are bacteria that can live with or without oxygen called?

Answer 10

facultative anaerobes.

Question 11

Which agent can consist of a strand of nucleic acid, a protein capsid enclosing the nucleic acid, and a lipid envelope?

Answer 11

a virus

Question 12

B virus belongs to what group of viruses?

Answer 12

Herpesviruses

Question 13

What animal tends to develop abnormal proteins in the brain?

Answer 13

hamsters

Question 14

Which of the following arachnids are NOT commonly found in mouse fur?
a. myocoptes musculinus
b. myobia musculi
c. sarcopes scabiei
d. radfordia affinis

Answer 14

c. sarcopes scabiei

Question 15

why is mouse parvovirus more difficult to eliminate from a colony than mouse hepatitis virus?

Answer 15

it can remain latent in animal tissues.

Question 16

What sample type would be the most effective for detecting a mouse parvovirus infection?

Answer 16

lymph nodes

Question 17

Rectal prolapse in mice is commonly caused by what common bacterium?

Answer 17

helicobacter.

Question 18

What bacteria is associated with skin infections in swine?

Answer 18

Staphylococcus hyicus

Question 19

Examination of skin mucus taken from aquatic species under a microscope is also known as what?

Answer 19

wet mount

Question 20

What is another term used for the blood test called hematocrit?

Answer 20

Packed Cell Volume

Question 21

All the red blood cells in a blood smear are nucleated. What species is this smear NOT from?
a. bird
b. reptile
c. mouse
d. amphibian

Answer 21

c. mouse

Question 22

The study of the fluid portion of blood with respect to the presence of absence of antibodies is called _______.

Answer 22

Serology

Question 23

To preserve tissues for further examination, what is the usual ratio of tissue to fixative used. by weight?

Answer 23

1 to 20

Question 24

What is a major advantage of fluoroscopy over standard radiography?

Answer 24

it takes moving pictures

Question 25

Why should a carcass never be frozen before a necropsy?

Answer 25

ice crystals will rupture cells and prevent histologic analysis of the tissues.

Question 26

Viruses can be grown in what?

Answer 26

embryonated chicken eggs

Question 27

Bioluminescent imaging requires a light signal from what molecule?

Answer 27

luciferase

Question 28

radioactive isotopes can be attached to what molecule in positron emission tomography?

Answer 28

Glucose

Question 29

In what technique is the X-ray beam rotated 360 degrees around the patient to allow precise location of lesions?

Answer 29

Computed tomography

Question 30

What type of antibiotics are bacterial cell wall synthesis inhibitors?

Answer 30

penicillins

Question 31

Which species is safe to tret with a pyrethrin or pyrethroid-based insecticide? a. dogs b. cats c. xenopus d. zebrafish

Answer 31

a. dogs

Question 32

Which stage of anesthesia is characterized by the loss of conciousness?

Answer 32

stage 2

Question 33

surgical anesthesia often causes which of the following conditions? a. lower susceptibility to dehydration. b. a drop in body temperature c. an increase in the amount of blood reaching the extremities. d. increased heart rate.

Answer 33

b. a drop in body temperature

Question 34

Xylazine has what effects?

Answer 34

sedation, analgesia, blood pressure lowering

Question 35

What is the best way to determine the amount of nitrous oxide left in a tank?

Answer 35

Weigh the tank, Nitrous oxide is a liquid not a vapor.

Question 36

In rebreathing systems, the exhaled gases pass through a canister that absorbs what?

Answer 36

carbon dioxide

Question 37

In rebreathing systems, where is the concentration of anesthetic gas set?

Answer 37

the dial on the vaporizer.