consist of related sets of cultural traits and complexes that similar behaviors across space
cultural patterns
where a religion of ethnicity began
culture hearth
based on peoples connection to a particular country and ethnicity
nationality
those that unify a group of people or religion
centripetal forces
those that divide a group of people or a region; can be harmful toward a national cohesion
centrifugal forces
legal framework of a country derived Islamic edicts taken from their holy book
sharia
laws that restrict certain activities
blue laws
an attempt to follow a literal interpretation of a religious faith
fundamentalism
countries whose governments are run by religious leaders through the use of religious laws
theocracies
they believe their own cultural group is more superior and important to other cultures
ethnocentrism
is the concept that a persons or groups beliefs, values, norms and practices should be understood from the perspective of the other culture
cultural relativism
is the action of adopting traits, icons, or other elements of another country
cultural appropriation
the spread of information, ideas, behaviors, and other aspects of culture from their hearths to wider areas
diffusion
the spread of culture and/or cultural traits by people who migrate and carry their cultural traits with them
relocation diffusion
the spread of cultural traits outward through exchange without migration
expansion diffusion
when a cultural traits spreads continuously outward from its hearth through contact among people
contagious diffusion
is the spread of culture outward from the most interconnected places or from centers of wealth and influence
hierarchical diffusion
a trait diffuses from a group of lower status to a group of higher status
reverse hierarchical
when an underlying idea from a culture hearth is adopted by another culture but the adopting group modifies or rejects one trait
stimulus diffusion
a border concept that includes a variety of ways of influencing another country or group of people by direct conquest, economic control, or cultural dominance
imperialism
is a particular type of imperialism in which people move into or settle on the other the land of another country
colonialism
the belief that non-living objects, rivers and mountains, posses spirits
animism
those who use the language learned from birth
native speakers
common language used by people who don’t share the same native language
Lingua Franca
