Unit 5, Chapter 28

Question 1

Muckrakers

Answer 1

-bright young reporters at the turn of the 20th century who won this favorable moniker from Theodore Roosevelt but boosted the circulations of their magazines by writing exposés of widespread corruption in American society

Question 2

Initiative

Answer 2

• a progressive reform measure allowing voters to petition to have a law placed on the general ballot
• brought democracy directly to the people and helped foster a shift toward interest group politics and away from old political machines

Question 3

Referendum

Answer 3

• progressive reform procedure allowing voters to place a bill on the ballot for final approval, even after being passed by the legislature
• Device that would place laws on the ballot for final approval of the people

Question 4

Recall

Answer 4

• progressive ballot procedure allowing voters to remove elected officials from office
• would enable voters to remove faithless elected officials

Question 5

Australian ballot

Answer 5

• a system that allows voters privacy in marketing their ballot choices
• introduced in the US during the progressive era to help counteract boss rule

Question 6

Muller vs oregon (1908)

Answer 6

• landmark supreme court case in which crusading attorney Louis D Brandeis persueded the supreme court to accept constitutionalitu of limiting the hours of women workers
• established a different standard for male and female workers

Question 7

Lochner vs New York (1905)

Answer 7

• A setback for labor reformers
• supreme court casedecision invalidated a state law establishing a 10 hour work day for bakers
• it said that the “right to free contract” was implicit in the due process clause of the 14th amendment

Question 8

Elkins act (1903)

Answer 8

• law passed by congress to impose penalties on railroads that offered rebates and customers who accepted them
• did away with railroad rebates
• strengthened the interstate commerce act of 1887

Question 9

Meat inspection act (1906)

Answer 9

-law passes by congress to subject meat shipped over state lines to federal inspection

Question 10

Pure food and drug act (1906)

Answer 10

• law passed by congress to impact and regulate the labeling of all foods and pharmaceuticals intended for human consumption
• designed to prevent the adulteration and miss labeling of foods and pharmaceuticals

Question 11

Hetch hetchy valley

Answer 11

-federal government allowed the city of san francisco to build a dam here un 1913

Question 12

Dollar diplomacy

Answer 12

-name applied to president taft’s critics to the policy of supporting us investments and political interests abroad

Question 13

Payne-aldrich bill (1909)

Answer 13

• intended to lower tariff rates, but was eventually revised beyond all recognition, retaining high rates on most imports
• passed trying to settle disagreements between the issue of tariffs in the Republican Party

Question 14

New freedom (1912)

Answer 14

• platform of reforms advocated by woodrow wilson in his first presidential campaign
• includes stronger antitrust legislation to protect small business enterprises from monopolies, banking reform, and tariff reductions
• involved taking action to increase opporitunities for capitalist competition rather than increasing government regulation of large trusts

Question 15

New nationalism (1912)

Answer 15

• state-interventionist reform program devised by herbert crooy and advocated by theadore roosevelt during his bull moose presidential campaign
• sout to create stronger regulatory agencies to ensure that they opperated to serve tne public interest, not just private gain

Question 16

Social-justice movement

Answer 16

-people gave more aid to the poor in urban areas

Question 17

Keating-owen act

Answer 17

• Limited child labor

- overturned 2 years later by hammer vs dagenhart

Question 18

Hammer vs dagnehart

Answer 18

-child labor laws should be decided by the states

Question 19

Social gospel

Answer 19

• Reform movement led by Protestant ministers who used religious doctrine to demand better housing and living conditions for the urban poor
• popular in the turn of the 20th century
• promotion of a brand of progressivism based on Christian teachings

Question 20

Theadore roosevelt

Answer 20

• believed the government should take an active role in directing the economy and business
• also thought the president should provide leadership and ideas
• “trust buster”- tried to defend the Sherman anti-trust act

Question 21

Upton sinclair

Answer 21

-author of “the jungle,” which showed filthy food/butchers

Question 22

Gifford pinchot

Answer 22

• chief of the forest service

- creation of national parks and forests

Question 23

William howard taft

Answer 23

• favored free business competition
• lowered Tariffs
• Break up a large businesses by breaking trusts

Question 24

Mann-elkins act (1910)

Answer 24

-allowed the ICC to regulate railroads and telephones

Question 25

Henry demaresy Lloyd

Answer 25

-created the book called, "wealth against commonwealth"

Question 26

Eccentric thorstein veblen

Answer 26

- wrote the book, "the theory of the leisure class" | - urged that social leadership pass from these superfluous Titans to truly useful engineers

Question 27

Jacob a. Riis

Answer 27

- reporter for the New York sun | - wrote a book about the middle-class Americans in, "how ths other half lives"

Question 28

Jane adams

Answer 28

-her goal was the abolition of war

Question 29

Progressives goals

Answer 29

- use the state to curb monopoly power | - to improve the common person's conditions of life and labor

Question 30

17th amendment

Answer 30

-established the direct election of US senators

Question 31

Robert m. La follette

Answer 31

- (Fighting bob) | - governor of Wisconsin

Question 32

Hiram w. Johnson

Answer 32

- governor of California | - republican

Question 33

Florance kelly

Answer 33

- former resident of the hull house - became the state of Illinois first chief factory inspector and one of the nations leading advocate for improved factory conditions

Question 34

Frances E. Williard

Answer 34

-founder of the women's Christian temperance league

Question 35

Square deal (3 c's)

Answer 35

- Control of the corporations - consumer protection - conservation of natural resources

Question 36

Desert land of 1877

Answer 36

-Federal government old arid land cheaply on the condition that the purchaser irrigate the thirsty soil with in three years

Question 37

Forest reserve act of 1891

Answer 37

-authorized the president to set aside public forests and national parks and other reserves

Question 38

Carey act of 1894

Answer 38

-distributed federal land to the states on the condition that it be irrigated and settled

Question 39

John muir

Answer 39

-One of the many conservationist who believed hetch hetchy was a temple of nature that should be held inviolable by the civilizing hand of humanity

Question 40

Lasting contributions of President Roosevelt

Answer 40

1) greatly enlarged power and prestige of the presidential office 2) helped shape the progressive movement 3) Open the eyes of Americans to the fact that they share the world with other nations

Question 41

Herbert croly

Answer 41

- Wrote the book, "The promise of American life" | - along with Roosevelt he favored continued consolidation of trust in labor unions

Question 42

Ida tarbell

Answer 42

- One of the leading muckrakers | - wrote the book, "The history of the standard oil company"