Unit 5, Chapter 34

Question 1

Executive orderNo. 90660

Answer 1

• signed by President Roosevelt
• authorized the Secretary of War to designate military zones from which certain categories of people would be excluded
• unnecessary and unfair
• Japanese were sent to internment camps
• created after the attack on pearl harbor

Question 2

-war production Board (WPB)(established in 1942)

Answer 2

• established by executive order to direct all war production
• was abolished after Japan’s defeat

Question 3

Office of price administration (OPA) (1941-1947)

Answer 3

• A critically important wartime agency charged with regulating The consumer economy by rationing scare supplies

Question 4

National war labor board (NWLB)

Answer 4

-established by President Roosevelt to act as an arbitration tribunal and mediate disputes between labor and management that might have led to work stoppages and thereby undermined the war effort

Question 5

-smith-connally Anti-Strike act (1943)

Answer 5

• past amidst worries about the effects that labor strikes would have on war production
• allowed the federal government to seize and operate plants threatened by labor disputes

Question 6

WAC’s, WAVES, SPAR’s

Answer 6

-women’s branch of the US Army established during World War II to employ women in noncombatant jobs

Question 7

-bracero program (1942)

Answer 7

-established by agreement with the Mexican government to recruit temporary Mexican agricultural workers to the US to make up for wartime shortages in the far west

Question 8

Fair employment practices commission (FEPC) (1941)

Answer 8

• threatened with a massive Negro march on Washington to demand equal opportunities in war jobs and in the military
• intended to monitor compliance with the executive order

Question 9

Congress of racial equality (CORE)

Answer 9

-nonviolent civil rights organization founded in 1942 and committed to the “double V”

Question 10

Code talkers

Answer 10

• native American men who served in the military by transmitting radio messages in their native languages which were undecipherable by German and Japanese spies

Question 11

Battle of Midway(1942)

Answer 11

• pivotal battle fought near the island of midway

- victory halted Japanese advances in the Pacific

Question 12

D-day (1944)

Answer 12

• massive military operation led by American forces in Normandy
• pivotal battle led to the liberation of France and brought on the final phases of World War II in Europe

Question 13

V-e day

Answer 13

• The source of frenzied rejoicing

- marked the official end of the war in Europe

Question 14

Postdam conference(1945)

Answer 14

• President Truman met with Soviet leader Joseph Stalin and British leaders Winston Churchhill and Clement Attlee
• surrender of be destroyed

Question 15

Manhattan project(1942)

Answer 15

-codename for the American commission established to develop the atomic bomb

Question 16

V-j day (1945)

Answer 16

-heralded The surrender of Japan and the final and to World War II

Question 17

ABC-1 agreement

Answer 17

• agreement between Britain and the US

“Getting Germany first”