Unit 7

Question 1

Monroe Doctrine (1823)

Answer 1

U.S. policy warning European nations not to colonize or interfere in the Western Hemisphere

Question 2

Seward’s Folly (1867)

Answer 2

U.S. purchase of Alaska from Russia; critics thought it was a waste of money.

Question 3

Queen Liliuokalani

Answer 3

Last queen of Hawaii; overthrown by American sugar planters in 1893.

Question 4

Alfred Thayer Mahan – Sea Power

Answer 4

Argued that a strong navy was key to national greatness.

Question 5

“White Man’s Burden”

Answer 5

Idea that white nations had a duty to “civilize” non-Western peoples.

Question 6

Pan-American Conference (1889)

Answer 6

Meeting of Western Hemisphere nations to promote trade and cooperation led by the U.S.

Question 7

Jingoism

Answer 7

Extreme nationalism supporting aggressive foreign policy.

Question 8

“Yellow Journalism”

Answer 8

Sensationalized news reporting that exaggerated stories (used before Spanish-American War).

Question 9

De Lôme Letter

Answer 9

Letter from Spanish minister criticizing President McKinley; increased anti-Spain anger in U.S.

Question 10

USS Maine

Answer 10

U.S. battleship that exploded in Havana Harbor (1898), helping trigger war with Spain.

Question 11

Teller Amendment

Answer 11

U.S. promised not to annex Cuba after the Spanish-American War.

Question 12

Platt Amendment

Answer 12

Allowed U.S. to intervene in Cuba and lease Guantanamo Bay.

Question 13

Treaty of Paris (1898)

Answer 13

Ended Spanish-American War; U.S. gained Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam.

Question 14

Emilio Aguinaldo

Answer 14

Filipino leader who fought U.S. after Spain left Philippines.

Question 15

Insular Cases (1901)

Answer 15

Supreme Court cases ruling that constitutional rights did not fully apply in new territories.

Question 16

Spheres of Influence

Answer 16

Areas where foreign nations controlled trade and investment (especially in China).

Question 17

Boxer Rebellion (1900)

Answer 17

Chinese uprising against foreign influence; crushed by international forces.

Question 18

TR’s “Big Stick” Policy

Answer 18

Theodore Roosevelt’s policy of negotiating peacefully but using military strength when necessary.

Question 19

Roosevelt Corollary (1904)

Answer 19

Added to Monroe Doctrine; U.S. could intervene in Latin America to maintain stability.

Question 20

Anti-Imperialist League

Answer 20

Group opposing U.S. expansion overseas.

Question 21

Open Door Policy

Answer 21

U.S. policy promoting equal trade access in China.

Question 22

Panama Canal (1914)

Answer 22

Canal built by U.S. connecting Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

Question 23

Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905)

Answer 23

War between Russia and Japan; Roosevelt helped negotiate peace.

Question 24

“Gentlemen’s Agreement” (1907)

Answer 24

Japan limited emigration; U.S. reduced segregation of Japanese students.

Question 25

Great White Fleet

Answer 25

U.S. naval fleet sent around the world to show American power.

Question 26

International Peace Conference

Answer 26

Meeting at The Hague to discuss arms limits and peaceful conflict resolution.

Question 27

William Howard Taft – “Dollar Diplomacy”

Answer 27

Policy encouraging U.S. investment abroad to increase influence.

Question 28

Woodrow Wilson – “Moral Diplomacy”

Answer 28

Policy promoting democracy and moral principles in foreign relations.

Question 29

William Jennings Bryan

Answer 29

Wilson’s Secretary of State; supported peace treaties and anti-imperialism.

Question 30

Jones Act (1917)

Answer 30

Gave Puerto Ricans U.S. citizenship.

Question 31

Pancho Villa

Answer 31

Mexican revolutionary who attacked U.S.; led to U.S. military expedition into Mexico.

Question 32

Lusitania Crisis (1915)

Answer 32

German submarine sank British ship with Americans aboard, angering U.S.

Question 33

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

Answer 33

Germany attacked ships without warning, including neutral ships.

Question 34

Zimmermann Telegram (1917)

Answer 34

German message proposing Mexico ally with Germany against U.S.

Question 35

Bolsheviks

Answer 35

Russian communist group led by Lenin who took control in 1917.

Question 36

American Expeditionary Force (AEF)

Answer 36

U.S. troops sent to Europe in WWI led by General Pershing.

Question 37

Fourteen Points

Answer 37

Wilson’s plan for peace after WWI (included League of Nations).

Question 38

Treaty of Versailles (1919)

Answer 38

Treaty ending WWI; punished Germany harshly.

Question 39

Self-determination

Answer 39

Right of nations to choose their own government.

Question 40

League of Nations

Answer 40

International organization created to prevent future wars.

Question 41

Henry Cabot Lodge

Answer 41

Senator who opposed U.S. joining League of Nations.

Question 42

Mobilization

Answer 42

Process of preparing troops and resources for war.

Question 43

Food Administration

Answer 43

Government agency encouraging food conservation during WWI.

Question 44

Railroad Administration

Answer 44

Government control of railroads during WWI to improve efficiency.

Question 45

National War Labor Board

Answer 45

Settled labor disputes to prevent strikes during WWI.

Question 46

Liberty Bonds

Answer 46

Government bonds sold to raise money for WWI.

Question 47

Committee on Public Information (CPI)

Answer 47

Government agency promoting pro-war propaganda.

Question 48

Espionage Act (1917)

Answer 48

Law punishing interference with the draft or military operations.

Question 49

Sedition Act (1918)

Answer 49

Law banning criticism of the government during WWI.

Question 50

Schenck v. United States (1919)

Answer 50

Supreme Court case saying speech can be limited in wartime (“clear and present danger”).

Question 51

Selective Service Act (1917)

Answer 51

Law creating military draft for WWI.

Question 52

Great Migration

Answer 52

Movement of African Americans from South to Northern cities during WWI.