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Vitamin Flashcards

(53 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

vitB1: aka

A

thiamine

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2
Q

thiamine: aka

A

vitB1

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3
Q

vitB1: fx

A

thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) –> cofactor for several deH rxns –> “ATP”:

  • a-ketoglut deH (TCA)
  • transketolase (HMP shunt)
  • pyruvate deH (link glycolysis to TCA)
  • branched chain ketoacid deH
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4
Q

vitB1 def: pathophys

A

impaired glucose brkdown –> ATP deplete:

  • highly aerobic tissues affected 1st –> brain, heart
  • worsened by glucose infusion
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5
Q

vitB1 def: leads to

A
  • Wernicke-Korsakoff

- beriberi

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6
Q

Wernicke-Korsakoff synd: pathophys

A

damage:
- medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus
- mammilary bodies

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7
Q

Wernicke-Korsakoff synd: ssx

A
  • triade: confuse, ophthalmoplegia, ataxia
  • confabulation
  • personality change
  • memory loss (permanent)
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8
Q

vitB2: aka

A

riboflavin

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9
Q

riboflavin: aka

A

vitB2

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10
Q

vitB2: fx

A

FAD & FMN –> cofactor for redox rxn –> succinate deH (TCA)

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11
Q

vitB2 def: ssx

A
  • cheilosis

- corneal vascularization

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12
Q

vitB3: aka

A

niacin

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13
Q

niacin: aka

A

vitB3

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14
Q

vitB3: how much ATP?

A

3

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15
Q

vitB2: how much ATP?

A

2

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16
Q

vitB3: derived from?

A

tryptophan

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17
Q

vitB3: syn requires what other vit?

A
  • vitB2

- vitB6

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18
Q

vitB3 def: cause

A
  • Hartnup dz: decrease tryptophan absorb
  • malig carcinoid synd: increase Trp metab
  • isoniazid: decrease vitB6
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19
Q

vitB3 def: leads to

A

pellagra:
- diarrhea
- dementia
- dermatitis

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20
Q

vitB5: aka

A

pantothenate

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21
Q

pantothenate: aka

A

vitB5

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22
Q

vitB6: aka

23
Q

pyridoxine: aka

24
Q

vitB6: fx

Study These Flashcards
A
  • cofactor for glycogen phosphorylase
  • NT syn: serotonin, Epi, NE, dopamine, GABA
  • syn: cystathione, heme, niacin, histamine
25
vitB5 def: cause
- isoniazid | - OCP
26
vitB7: aka
biotin
27
biotin: aka
vitB7
28
vitB7 def: cause
- abx | - excess ingest raw egg white: avidin --> bind biotin
29
vitB9: aka
folic acid
30
folic acid: aka
vitB9
31
vitB9: fx
syn of N bases in DNA/RNA
32
vitB9: absorbed where?
jejunum
33
vitB9 def: ssx
- macrocytic megaloblastic anemia - hypersegmented PMNs - glossitis no neuro ssx (unlike vitB12 def)
34
vitB9 def: lab findings
- increased homocysteine | - normal methylmalonate
35
what is the most common vit def in US?
vitB9
36
vitB9 def: who?
- alcoholic | - preg
37
vitB12: aka
cobalamin
38
cobalamin: aka
vitB12
39
vitB12: fx
cofactor: - homocysteine methyltransferase - methylmalonyl-CoA mutase
40
homocysteine methyltransferase: rxn
homocysteine + THF-CH3 --> methionine + THF --> CH3 for anabolic rxns
41
methylmalonyl-CoA mutase: rxn
methylmalonyl CoA --> succinyl CoA --> TCA, myelin syn, heme
42
methylmalonyl CoA: comes from?
- ff w odd #C | - branched chain aa
43
vitB12: source
- microorg --> animal products | - lrg reserved pool in liver
44
vitB12 def: cause
- insuff intake: vegan - malabsorb: sprue, enteritis, Diphyllobothrium latum - no IF: pernicous anemia, gastric bypass surg - no terminal ileum: Crohn
45
vitB12 def: ssx
- macrocytic megaloblastic anemia - hypersegmented PMNs - neuro ssx
46
vitB12 def --> neuro ssx: pathophys
no succinyl CoA --> impair myelin syn --> degen of: - dorsal column - lat corticospinal - spinocerebellar
47
vitB12 def: lab findings
increased: - homocysteine - methylmalonic acid
48
vitC: fx
- iron absorb - collagen syn - dopamine B-hydroxylase: dopamine --> NE
49
scurvy: ssx
- swollen gums - bruise - hemarthrosis - anemia - poor wound heal - perifollicular, subperiosteal hemorrhage - "corkscrew" hair
50
vitD def: leads to
- child --> rickets: bone pain, deformity | - adult --> osteomalacia: bone pain, muscle weak
51
vitE: fx
antioxidant --> protect RBC & membranes from ROS damage
52
vitE def: ssx
similar to vitB12 def --> except no: - megaloblastic anemia - hyperseg PMN - increased methylmalonic acid
53
vitK def: lab findings
- increased PT, PTT | - normal bleeding time
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