Water

Question 1

What four things come under economic development

Answer 1

Agriculture: intensive farming require quantities of water due to farming and food processing

Industry: processing and manufacturing require water and cause water pollution

Urbanisation: demand increased for drinking and washing and satiation

Wealth: as people become richer demand for water increase like domestic appliances

Question 2

what does a rising population cause

Answer 2

pressure on water supply, countries suffer from water deficit or water supply.
such as Africa as it is fastest growing suffers from water insecurity

Question 3

what are the six factors of water availability

Answer 3

• Climate = regions w high rainfall tend to have water surplus
• Geology = soft rock like chalk, extract water
• Pollution lead to water supply agriculture runoff
• Over- abstraction
• Limited infrastructure = many LIC lack infrastructure to transport water, to expensive
• Poverty = prevent access to safe water

Question 4

Impacts of water insecurity

Answer 4

• Waterborne disease and water pollution = untreated water serious illness even death, productivity reduced and income fall. Ganges most polluted heavily used
• Food production = water insecurity cause no irrigation low food production.
• Industrial output = because manufacturing industry uses more water and electricity production require cooling or HEP
• Water conflicts between neighbouring countries =

Question 5

What strategies are used to increase water supply

Answer 5

• water diversion = evaporation seriously use up water supplies and stored underground
• building dams and reservoirs generate electricity and prevent flooding downstream however expensive to maintain and construct
• Water Transfers
• Desalination- remove salt from salt water = very expensive and damage environment co2 emissions

Question 6

how are sustainable water supplies achieved

Answer 6

by water conservation, installing meters and use water efficiently at home, take showers instead of baths. drip irrigation

Groundwater management - carefully managed in terms of water quality and quantity.

Recycling water

Grey water - is waste domestic water. An example of this is when rainfall is captured then used to flush toilets. In some water deficit areas around the world, such as Spain, houses are built with separate drinking water and ‘grey’ water systems.