movement science > week 1 > Flashcards

week 1 Flashcards

(65 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

what is goal of rehabilitation/ task specific training

A

to regain optimal motor performance of everyday tasks/activities, specific and relevant to the individual’s lifestyle and context / stage of rehabilitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how to make task specific training steps

A
  1. Functional task analysis
  2. Practice the essential components (part practice)
  3. Practice the whole task (whole practice)
  4. Transfer of learning to relevant contexts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the essential components

A

breaking a specific activity eg a tennis serve into the components of movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are kinematic deviations

A

abnormal movements that are not expected to be part of the functional task
- could these be compensatory movements?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are Potential underlying impairments

A

pain, ROM, strength, coordination, sensation, motor control
- these are hypothesise
- based on kinematic deviations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is part task practice

A

Practice the essential movement components
- practice the SPECIFIC individual part of the activity that the pt is having difficulty with

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

skills and strategies during part task practice

A
  • Handling/guidance
  • Choice of training position and set up of the environment
    eg if its an eccentric movement train using an eccentric movement.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are Augmented feedback

A
  • Auditory
  • Visual
  • Proprioceptive
  • Tactile
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

whole task practice goals

A
  • Correct selectivity and timing of muscle activation
  • Appropriate muscle force to meet task demand
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is complexity

A

Number of parts or components and the
degree of information processing that characterize a skill.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

when to use whole skill training

A

If the skill is low in complexity and high in organization, practice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

when to use whole part training

A

If high in complexity and low in organization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what type of practice is best used for discrete skills

A

Whole practice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what type of practice is best used for serial skills

A

Part practice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what type of practice is best used for continuous skills

A

Whole or part practice could work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is Fractionization practice

A

Involves practicing individual limbs first for a skill that involves the asymmetric and simultaneous coordination of the arms or legs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is Segmentation practice

A

Begin practice with first part of skill, then progressively add each part until the skill is practiced as a whole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is Simplification practice

A

Practice an easier variation of the skill before practicing the skill itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is knowledge of results

A

Intrinsic or augmented feedback
that gives information about the OUTCOME of performing a skill or about achieving the goal of the performance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is knowledge of performance

A

Intrinsic or augmented feedback that gives information aboutTHE MOVEMENT CHARACTERISTICS leading to a performance outcome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

movement control definition

A

The ability to regulate or direct the mechanisms essential to movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is the degrees of freedom

A

Number of independent components in a control system and the number of ways each component can vary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the degrees of freedom problem

A

Control problem that occurs in the designing of a complex system that must produce a specific result.
aka there are many ways to preform tasks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Shumway-Cook’s model of movement
Human movement is a complex phenomenon that is a function of the interaction of three elements: The Individual The Task The Environment
23
* Environmental Constraints on Movement Control
* Regulatory features: aspects of environment that shape movement itself eg unleveled ground * Nonregulatory: features of environment may affect performance, but movement does not have to conform to these features eg noise level
24
Individual Systems Underlying Motor Control
sensory- Information about the state of the body to provide movement correction cognitive- Attention, planning, problem solving, motivation, and emotional aspects of motor control motor action- Selection/activation of muscles Timing and coordination and Strength and power/ soft tissue compliance
25
Task Constraints on Movement Control
Type of task performed has great impact on neural organization of movement
26
Open movement
adapt movement strategies to constantly changing and unpredictable environment
27
Closed movement
relatively fixed or predictable environments
28
Environmental Constraints on movement Control
* Regulatory features: aspects of environment that shape movement itself * Nonregulatory: features of environment may affect performance, but movement does not have to conform to these features
29
what is a continuous task
do not have a distinct start or finish point
29
what is a discrete task
have a recognizable start and finish
30
what is an open task
an unpredictable evniornment that the movement is being preformed in
31
what is a closed task
a predictable environment that the movement is being preformed in
32
what is stability
non moving base of support
33
what is mobility
a moving base of support
34
what is manipulation tasks
a task that involves movement of the upper limb
35
what is serial task organisation
Several discrete actions with the order critical to success
36
gross motor skills
* Require the use of large musculature to achieve the goal of the skills eg jumpingf
37
fine motor skills
* Require control of small muscles to achieve the goal of the skill * Writing
38
what is Taxonomy
A classification system that is organized according to relationships among the component characteristics of whatever is being classified.
39
Gentile’s Taxonomy of Motor Skills Two-dimensional
classification system enabling a more precise description of tasks. The 16 ( 16 being the hardest)boxes of Gentile’s taxonomy represent a gradual increase in task complexity * Environmental Context * Action Function
40
Regulatory conditions
Features of environmental context* to which movements must conform to achieve the action goal.
41
Nonregulatory conditions
Features of environment that have no influence or only an indirect influence on movement characteristics
42
Intertrial variability
Variations in the regulatory conditions associated with the performance of a skill change or stay the same from one trial to the next eg surfing- the waves aren't always the same.
43
body stability
skills that involve no change in body location during the performance of the skill.
44
body transportation
Includes active and passive changes of body locations.
45
object manipulation
Maintaining/changing the position of moveable objects.
46
prior to assessing someone you need to chose
type of environment and starting position
47
Amplitude def
The range of motion used to achieve the movement
48
Alignment def
The relationship between the body segments or to the base of support during the movement
49
Sequencing def
The order of the movement used to achieve the task
50
Symmetry def
The similarity of the movement right versus left
51
Stability def
Ability to maintain the centre of mass in relation to the base of support
52
speed def
Velocity of the body segment during the movement or time to complete the movement
53
Accuracy def
The amount of measurable error in movement
54
Smoothness
Movement is produced without disruptions to velocity or direction of movement
55
what is movement compensation
a new movement that has been adopted in an attempt to achieve the goal of the task
56
Two phase model of sit to stand
Phase 1 is the pre-extension phase. This phase ends when the buttocks leave the seat. Phase 2 is the extension phase. This phase ends when the body is in an upright and stable position.
57
Four phase model of sit to stand
Phase 1 is the flexion momentum phase and starts with the initiation of standing and ends just before the person's bottom leaves the seat. The body remains stable during this phase as the buttocks are supported by the chair. Phase 2 is the momentum transfer phase and starts just as the buttocks leave the seat and ends when the ankles achieve maximum dorsiflexion. This phase involves both horizontal and vertical motion of the head, arms and trunk. There is a high requirement for stability as the centre of mass moves to the limits of stability. Phase 3 is called the extension phase and starts just after ankles achieve maximum dorsiflexion and ends when the hips reach maximum extension. The purpose of this phase is to move the head, arms and trunk into a vertical position. The stability requirements are reduced in this phase in comparison to phase 2. Phase 4 is called the stabilization phase and starts after the hips reach maximum extension and end when all movement related to maintaining stability has cease
58
The essential components of sit to stand are as follows
Bring feet back behind the knees Trunk forward flexion with anterior pelvic tilt Anterior tibial translation Hip and knee extension.
59
The essential components of sitting down are as follows
Hip and knee flexion with trunk inclination from the hips Ankle dorsiflexion with forward translation of the tibia.
60
Horizontal velocity of the centre of mass peaks when in sit to stand
just prior to thighs off
61
vertical velocity of the centre of mass peaks when in sit to stand
thighs off.
movement science
flashcards
Decks in class (12)
# Cards
Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2026 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions