- brain functions used to manage attention, emotions, and pursuit of goals.
- emerge during preschool years and don’t fully mature until early adulthood.
executive functions
EF are more predictive of __ __ than IQ.
school success
cognitive control and EF are abilities that depend on which part of the brain?
prefrontal cortex
ability to engage independent, purposeful, self-directed behavior
EF
deficiencies in EF are in one or more of which 4 areas?
- volition
- planning
- purposive actions
- self-awareness and self-monitoring
name the 3 core executive functions.
- inhibitory control (self-control)
- working memory
- cognitive flexibility
name the 3 higher order executive functions.
- problem solving
- reasoning
- planning
- stopping an impulsive act
- being able to think about the consequences before acting.
inhibit
- transitioning from one task to another
- preferred to non-preferred activity
- letting go of a specific interest
- behavioral and cognitive shifting
shift
name the 2 components of behavioral control.
- inhibit
- shift
begin tasks independently without reminders
initiate
sustain attention to task; following directions
working memory
plan ahead, develop strategies
plan/organize
paying attention to what you’re doing
monitor
name the 5 components of cognitive control.
- initiate
- working memory
- plan
- organize
- monitor
- simultaneously hold in mind all qualities of an object or situation
- look beyond the immediate experience or stimulus
- formulate hypotheses
- uses imagination/creativity
- view other’s perspective
- think symbolically-metaphor/analogies
- inductive/deductive reasoning
abstraction
regulation of reactions
emotional control
which 2 aspects of EF each independently predict both math and reading competence throughout the school years?
working memory and inhibitory control
- rating of behaviors in unstructured situations involving planning, organization, and problem-solving
- flexibility and shifting set
- generation of ideas or concepts
- categorization, organization, and planning tasks
assessment of executive function
- designed to predict everyday problems that arise from EF problems
- useful in picking up subtle/high level difficulties
- battery of 6 subtests
- dysexecutive questionnaire (client and caregiver)
BADS: behavioral assessment of the dysexecutive syndrome
- say yes to red care, say no to black
- then say yes if same color as last card, no if a different color
- subtest of the BADS
rule shift
this is a test of planning, task scheduling and performance monitoring: in the next 10 mins you have 3 tasks to do. you will not be able to do everything in 10 minutes but you should try to do at least something from each of the 6 parts. you cannot do parts A and B of the same task one after another.
modified 6 elements - subtest of the BADS
- designed to assess categorization and mental flexibility
- use of common objects
- requires only 10-20 minutes
- involves exploring the use of cues to facilitate performance
- cues provided move from more general to more specific feedback
- helps sort out reason for difficulty
- includes investigation of awareness
toglia categorization assessment (TCA)
is the toglia categorization assessment TCA a static or dynamic assessment?
dynamic
