What is Cognitive Neuroscience?
“the study of how mental functions and processes are related to brain structure and function”
“Biology of the mind”
What does FMRI stand for?
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
What does EEG stand for?
Electroencephalogram
What is Dualism when talking about brain relationships?
The mind and brain are separate substances, but they interact and influence one another. Not common in modern times.
What is Epiphenomenalism when talking about brain relationships?
The mind is simply a by-product of brain processes, and is irrelevant for understanding behavior - endorsed by behaviorists
What is Parallelism when talking about brain relationships?
Mind and brain are two aspects of the same reality; every event in the mind has a corresponding event in the brain, and vise versa.
Captures modern thinking on mind-brain relationships.
What is Phrenology and who’s idea it was.
Franz Joseph Gall thought Individual differences in mental abilities are reflected in unique patterns of cranial shape/protrusions
What is Equipotentiality and who’s idea it was.
Karl Lashley thought the idea that all brain regions contribute equally to complex mental functions. He also studied maze learning in rats after making series of cortical lesions.
What is Functional Specialization?
It is the idea that different regions have some functional specificity - more important for some functions than others. It allows for functional connections between regions - brain ‘networks’
What is the nervous system broken into?
Central Nervous System, and Peripheral Nervous System.
What is the Central Nervous System?
The Central Nervous System is comprised of the spinal cord, the brain stem, and the brain.
What is the Peripheral Nervous System?
The Peripheral Nervous System is comprised of the Somatic Nervous System and the Autonomic Nervous System. The somatic nervous system carries sensory information and motor commands to muscles and voluntary movements, while the autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary bodily functions like heart rate, respiration. The autonomic nervous system is comprised of the Sympathetic Nervous System and the Parasympathetic Nervous System.
What does ECoG stand for?
Electrocorticography
What is Broca’s Aphasia?
Difficulty in producing speech.
What is Wernicke’s Aphasia?
Fluent speech output, but little to no meaning. “Word Salad”
What is Prosopagnosia?
Difficulty identifying familiar faces. Facial Blindness. Can be congenital or acquired from brain injury.
What does ECG stand for?
Electrocardiography - measures electrical activity of the heart
What does fEMG stand for?
Facial Electromyography - measures changes in facial muscle activity
What does SCR stand for?
Skin Conductance
What is Pupillometry?
Measures dilation and constriction of pupil. Driven by both PNS and SNS.
What is Psychophysiology?
Most often refers to the study of the relationship between bodily physiology and psychological function - scientific study between body and mind.
What are the 4 Lobes in the brain?
Frontal Lobe, Temporal Lobe, Parietal Lobe, and Occipital Lobe.
