What are the three core components of language?
Phonology, syntax, and semantics.
What is phonology?
The sound system of language.
What is syntax?
Rules governing sentence structure.
What is semantics?
Meaning of words and sentences.
What is psycholinguistics?
Study of language processing and acquisition.
Why is language generative?
Finite rules create infinite sentences.
What did Chomsky argue about grammar?
Finite grammars are too simple for language complexity.
What are phrase structure rules?
Rules that combine words into phrases.
What is deep structure?
Underlying meaning of a sentence.
What is surface structure?
Actual wording of a sentence.
What causes ambiguity?
Same surface structure, different deep meaning.
What is the innateness hypothesis?
Humans have built-in universal grammar.
What is poverty of the stimulus?
Language learned despite limited input.
What supports empiricism?
Parental reformulation and environment.
What are saccades?
Quick eye movements during reading.
What is fixation?
Pause where information is processed.
What are regressions?
Backward eye movements.
What is perceptual span?
Visible text around fixation (~17–20 chars).
What is moving window paradigm?
Studies needed visual info during reading.
What is boundary paradigm?
Studies preview effects in reading.
What did Daneman & Carpenter show?
WM predicts comprehension.
What is reading span?
Measure of WM via sentence recall.
