1ST YEAR > 1. midterm_UTS full > Flashcards

1. midterm_UTS full Flashcards

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1
Q
  • Individual apart from others
  • 1st person
  • Experience; distinct
A

Nature of the Self

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2
Q
  • Allows ppl to gather info
  • How we perceive behaviors
A

Self-knowledge/ self-concept

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3
Q
  • Awareness; our opinions
A

Self-perception

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4
Q
  • Ability to focus on yourself
  • Reflective awareness
  • Requires social rearing
A

Self-Awareness

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5
Q
  • Image of who we are
    o Self-esteem
    o Self-worth
    o Self-image
    o Ideal self
    o Roles
    o Personal traits & qualities
A
  1. Self-concept
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6
Q
  • How we judge characteristics we own
    o Self-confidence
    o Feelings of security
A
  1. Self-esteem
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7
Q
  • Public self
A
  1. Interpersonal self
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8
Q
  • How individuals make choices
A
  1. Agent self
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9
Q
  • Based on how they see themselves
A
  1. Self-image
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10
Q
  • Comprehensive evaluation of self
A
  1. Self-concept
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11
Q
  • Awareness of thoughts, feelings
A
  1. Consciousness
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12
Q
  • Who you are
A
  1. Self
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13
Q
  • Awareness or urself
A
  1. Self-consciousness
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14
Q
  • Latin
  • To sound through
A

Per & Sonare

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14
Q
  • Makes u same person
A
  1. Personal identity
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15
Q
  • Permanent traits.
  • Affects individual
  • Integration or person’s behavior
A

Personality

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16
Q
  • Family, friends, school
A
  1. Environmental Factors
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17
Q
  • Genes, brain, physical traits
A
  1. Biological Factors
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17
Q
  • Act depends on situation
A
  1. Situational Factors
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18
Q
  • Similar ways overtime
A

a. Consistency

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18
Q
  • Traditions, beliefs, values
A
  1. Cultural Factors
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19
Q
  • Remains steady
A

b. Stability

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20
Q
  • Self is illusory fiction
  • Not exist in reality
  • To people and world
  • Cultivated self is subdued self
  • Views of Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism and Hinduism
  • Collectivist
A
  1. Eastern View
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21
Q
  • How person thinks
A

c. ENTP / ISFJ

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- Conducted scientific investigation - Developed theories - Emphasis is individualistic
2. Western View
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- Colonization - Geographical conditions - Social relationships - Interconnectedness - Interdependence - Strong sense of pride to their group - “kapwa” - “loob at labas”
3. Filipino View
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- Socratic Method - “Know thyself” – Delphic Command - Knowing oneself should be more than physical self - An unexamined life was not worth living >  Physical realm - Changeable; body & soul  Ideal realm - Perfect, unchanging; soul  The Self - Immortal and unified entity > o The Ship of Theseus - Thought experiment - Same or different o VISION - Seeing with the mind
1) Socrates
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- Study of knowledge - Philo + Sophia - “Queen of all sciences” - Human science - Use or reason
Philosophy
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- Changeable; body & soul
 Physical realm
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- Perfect, unchanging; soul
 Ideal realm
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- Immortal and unified entity
 The Self
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- Thought experiment - Same or different
o The Ship of Theseus
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- Seeing with the mind
o VISION
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- 3 Part soul/self - Dichotomy of the human person - The true self is soul not body - Self as a knower >  Reason - Understanding eternal truths - Divine essence  Appetite - Basic biological needs  Spirit or Passion - Basic emotions > o Phaedrus - Dialogue - Love and the soul o Allegory of the Cave - Truth vs. Illusion
2) Plato
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- Understanding eternal truths - Divine essence
 Reason
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- Basic biological needs
 Appetite
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- Basic emotions
 Spirit or Passion
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- Dialogue - Love and the soul
o Phaedrus
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- Truth vs. Illusion
o Allegory of the Cave
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- Hylomorphism (matter + form) (potentiality + actuality) - Metaphysics > 1. Physical matter - Made of. 2. Substantial form - What it truly is.
3) Aristotle
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- Made of.
1. Physical matter
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- What it truly is.
2. Substantial form
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- Last great ancient - Christianity’s 1st theologian - Physical body differs from immortal soul - Unity reveals interwovenness - Inner peace > 2 Realms 1. God as source of all reality & truth 2. Sinfulness of man
4) St. Augustine
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1. God as source of all reality & truth 2. Sinfulness of man
2 Realms
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- Founder of modern philosophy - “cogito, Ergo sum” - Catesian dualism - Mind-thinking thing > o Res cogitans material indivisible - Mind = indivisible o Res extensa material divisible - Body = divisible >  Self-consciousness - Integral to personal identity
5) Rene Descartes
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- Mind = indivisible
o Res cogitans material indivisible
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- Body = divisible
o Res extensa material divisible
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- Integral to personal identity
 Self-consciousness
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- Father of liberalism - “tabula rasa” - The self is consciousness
6) John Locke
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- Bundle theory - Self does not exist - Bundle or perception - Mind is kind of theater
7) David Hume
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- British; Linguistic analysis - Self is understood as pattern or behavior - Logical behaviourism - “Ghost in the machine
8) Gilbert Ryle
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- German - Greatest of modern - Transcendental - Self makes consciousness - Product of reason - Kingdom of God is within man
9) Immanuel Kant
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- American philosopher - Eliminative materialist; neurophilosophy - Self is product of brain activity
10) Paul & Patricia Churchland
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- All self-knowledge depends on experience - Our mind is always on - Self lives the good life- God
11) St. Thomas Aquinas
50
- Study of social life/change/causes - Structure of groups
Sociology
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- Phenomenology - Embodied self - Self as inseparable from body
12) Merleau-Ponty
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* Collectivism * Customary * Cosmological Unity * Hardwork & Struggle - A person’s identity is derived from his/her social group
1. East
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1. Independent View of Self - People see themselves as separate individuals. 2. Interdependent View of Self - People see themselves as connected to others.
By: Markus H. and Kitayama, S. (1991)
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* Individualism * Rationality & Reason * Objective observation * Philosophical & Psychological
2. West
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- People see themselves as separate individuals.
1. Independent View of Self
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- People see themselves as connected to others.
2. Interdependent View of Self
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- Studied Filipino self-concepts.
M. Sta Ana (1999)
56
- A simple, humble person.
1. Ang simpleng tao
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- A caring and compassionate person.
2. Ang taong nagmamalasakit
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- A hardworking and determined person.
3. Ang taong nagsusumikap
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- A person who keeps their true feelings hidden.
4. Ang taong tago ang kalooban
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- A person who openly expresses their feelings.
5. Ang taong hayag ang kalooban
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- A cheerful and joyful person.
6. Ang taong masayahin
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- An honest and loyal person.
7. Ang taong tapat
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Looking Glass Self - Mental process in human mind r result of human interaction. - People imagine > Imputed sentiment - One’s perception are highly inaccurate.
1) Charles Horton Cooley
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- Mental process in human mind r result of human interaction. - People imagine
Looking Glass Self
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- One’s perception are highly inaccurate.
Imputed sentiment
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Stages of Self - Roles, self, experiences and language. - Self- conscious >  Roles - Constellations of behaviors  Generalized other - From perspective as a whole
2) George Herbert MEAD
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- Mimics; no understanding
1. Preparatory (0-2)
64
- Pretends; doesn’t adhere to rules
2. Play (2-6)
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- Adhere to rules
3. Game (7-onward)
65
- Learns values - Member of particular culture
1. Primary
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- Learning appropriate behavior - Member or smaller group
2. Secondary
67
- Peer group influence personality
3. Group
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- Presentation of Self - Dramaturgical model - Front stage, backstage, off-stage - Performance - Verbal and non-verbal cues - Dangerous behavior
Impression Management
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Law of the Individual - Within and outside society - Object and subjects - Communicative interaction - Dialectical tension
4) Georg Simmel
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Impression Management - Presentation of Self - Dramaturgical model - Front stage, backstage, off-stage - Performance - Verbal and non-verbal cues - Dangerous behavior
3) Ervin Goffman
70
Care of the Self - Epimelesthai soutou - “Technologies of the self” - Linguistic & science Anthropology - “The science of humanity” - Studies human being aspects Subfields: 1. Archeology 2. Biological Anthropology 3. Linguistic Anthropology 4. Cultural Anthropology
5) Michael Focault
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- Within and outside society - Object and subjects - Communicative interaction - Dialectical tension
Law of the Individual
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- Epimelesthai soutou - “Technologies of the self” - Linguistic & science
Care of the Self
72
- “The science of humanity” - Studies human being aspects
Anthropology
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1. Archeology 2. Biological Anthropology 3. Linguistic Anthropology 4. Cultural Anthropology
Subfields:
73
- “ We are incomplete animals who complete ourselves through culture” - The impact of the concept of culture on the concept of man.
6) Clifford Geertz
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Moi - A person’s sense of who he is - Biology, identity Personne - What it means to be who one is
7) Marcel Mauss
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- A person’s sense of who he is - Biology, identity
Moi
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- What it means to be who one is
Personne
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- I/me, Self 1. Material – Physical possessions/body 2. Social – Social roles/image 3. Spiritual – Inner thoughts/feelings
1) James
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1) James - I/me, Self 1. Material – Physical possessions/body 2. Social – Social roles/image 3. Spiritual – Inner thoughts/feelings
I. Functional Perspective
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– Physical possessions/body
1. Material
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– Social roles/image
2. Social
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– Inner thoughts/feelings
3. Spiritual
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1) Freud 1. Super-ego – Moral conscience 2. Ego – Reality mediator 3. ID – Basic desires A. Eros – life instinct B. Thanatos – death instinct
II. Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic Perspective
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1. Super-ego – Moral conscience 2. Ego – Reality mediator 3. ID – Basic desires > A. Eros – life instinct B. Thanatos – death instinct
1) Freud
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– Moral conscience
1. Super-ego
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– Basic desires
3. ID
82
– life instinct
A. Eros
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– Reality mediator
2. Ego
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– death instinct
B. Thanatos
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III. Humanistic Perspective 1) Maslow Self-Actualization - Full use of talents - Ability to be best - Manifest differently in people 1. Self-fulfilment needs a. Self-actualization 2. Psychological needs a. Esteem needs b. Belongingness and love needs 3. Basic needs a. Safety needs b. Physiological needs > 2) Rogers 1. Self-worth - Developed in early childhood 2. Real self - A person’s genuine state 3. Ideal self - Individual aspires to be  Congruence vs. Incongruence - Unconditional positive regard - Fully-functioning person > 3) Kohut 1. Self-psychology - Self is center of psych motivation in personality 2. Object relations theory - Cause of development is quality of relationships  Object relations & self objects  Nuclear self  Unhealthy narcissism vs. healthy narcissism
III. Humanistic Perspective
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- Full use of talents - Ability to be best - Manifest differently in people
Self-Actualization
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Self-Actualization - Full use of talents - Ability to be best - Manifest differently in people > 1. Self-fulfilment needs a. Self-actualization 2. Psychological needs a. Esteem needs b. Belongingness and love needs 3. Basic needs a. Safety needs b. Physiological needs
1) Maslow
85
a. Self-actualization
1. Self-fulfilment needs
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a. Esteem needs b. Belongingness and love needs
2. Psychological needs
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a. Safety needs b. Physiological needs
3. Basic needs
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1. Self-worth - Developed in early childhood 2. Real self - A person’s genuine state 3. Ideal self - Individual aspires to be >  Congruence vs. Incongruence - Unconditional positive regard - Fully-functioning person
2) Rogers
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- Developed in early childhood
1. Self-worth
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- A person’s genuine state
2. Real self
90
- Individual aspires to be
3. Ideal self
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1. Self-psychology - Self is center of psych motivation in personality 2. Object relations theory - Cause of development is quality of relationships >  Object relations & self objects  Nuclear self  Unhealthy narcissism vs. healthy narcissism
3) Kohut
91
- Unconditional positive regard - Fully-functioning person
 Congruence vs. Incongruence
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- Self is center of psych motivation in personality
1. Self-psychology
93
- Cause of development is quality of relationships
2. Object relations theory
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1) Bandura 1. Self-efficacy – Belief in ability 2. Self-regulation – Control own behavior 3. Self-reinforcement – Reward self 4. Self-punishment – Punish self a. Mastery Experiences – Personal success experiences b. Vicarious experiences – Learning by watching c. Social Persuasion – Encouragement from others d. Emotional states – Feelings influencing belief
IV. Sociocultural Perspective
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1. Self-efficacy – Belief in ability 2. Self-regulation – Control own behavior 3. Self-reinforcement – Reward self 4. Self-punishment – Punish self > a. Mastery Experiences – Personal success experiences b. Vicarious experiences – Learning by watching c. Social Persuasion – Encouragement from others d. Emotional states – Feelings influencing belief
1) Bandura
95
– Reward self
3. Self-reinforcement
95
– Belief in ability
1. Self-efficacy
95
– Punish self
4. Self-punishment
96
– Control own behavior
2. Self-regulation
97
– Encouragement from others
c. Social Persuasion
97
– Learning by watching
b. Vicarious experiences
97
– Personal success experiences
a. Mastery Experiences
98
– Feelings influencing belief
d. Emotional states
99
1) May - To separate ourselves from conformist - And integrate with integrationist  Human dilemma 2) Frankl - Actualization values - Cause makes u fully human - You are a “Mosaic”
V. Existentialist Perspective
100
- Actualization values - Cause makes u fully human - You are a “Mosaic”
2) Frankl
100
- To separate ourselves from conformist - And integrate with integrationist  Human dilemma
1) May
100
1) Bracken Multidimensional Self-Concept Scale: Domains 1. Social — Interpersonal relationships 2. Competence — Skills and abilities 3. Affect — Emotions and mood 4. Physical — Body health 5. Family — Family connections 6. Academic — School-related abilities
VI. Positive Psychology
101
Multidimensional Self-Concept Scale: Domains 1. Social — Interpersonal relationships 2. Competence — Skills and abilities 3. Affect — Emotions and mood 4. Physical — Body health 5. Family — Family connections 6. Academic — School-related abilities
1) Bracken
102
— Emotions and mood
3. Affect
102
— Interpersonal relationships
1. Social
103
— Body health
4. Physical
103
— Skills and abilities
2. Competence
104
— Family connections
5. Family
105
— School-related abilities
6. Academic
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