A/P Normal Values

Question 1

What percentage of body weight is water/fluid?

Answer 1

60%

This corresponds to approximately 42 Liters in a healthy 70 kg man.

Question 2

What is the volume of Intracellular Fluid (ICF) in a healthy 70 kg man?

Answer 2

28 L

ICF makes up 2/3 of the body’s fluid.

Question 3

What is the volume of Extracellular Fluid (ECF) in a healthy 70 kg man?

Answer 3

14 L

ECF makes up 1/3 of the body’s fluid.

Question 4

What are the two compartments of Extracellular Fluid (ECF)?

Answer 4

• Interstitial fluid (ISF)
• Plasma

Question 5

What is the approximate volume of Interstitial Fluid (ISF)?

Answer 5

~11 L

Question 6

What is the approximate volume of blood plasma?

Answer 6

~3 L

Question 7

What does ICF stand for?

Answer 7

INTRAcellular Fluid

Question 8

What does ECF stand for?

Answer 8

Extracellular Fluid

Question 9

What is the general definition of intercellular fluid?

Answer 9

Fluid ‘between’ cells in the interstitium (ISF)

Question 10

What are examples of soluble substances in water?

Answer 10

• Ions
• Proteins (some)
• Carbohydrates
• Gasses
• Buffers
• Drugs (some)

Question 11

What are examples of insoluble substances in water?

Answer 11

• Cholesterol
• Steroid Hormones
• Lipids
• Drugs (others)

Question 12

What is the normal concentration of Na+ in the ECF?

Answer 12

140-142

Question 13

What is the normal concentration of K+ in the ECF?

Answer 13

4

Question 14

What is the normal concentration of Ca++ in the ECF?

Answer 14

1.2-1.3

Question 15

What is the normal concentration of HCO3- in the ECF? Why?

Answer 15

24, it is an important buffer for ECF

Question 16

What is the concentration ratio of Na? (ECF:ICF)

Answer 16

10:1

Question 17

What is the concentration ratio of K? (ECF:ICF)

Answer 17

1:30-35

Question 18

What is the concentration ratio of Ca? (ECF:ICF) Why?

Answer 18

10,000:1
- Calcium levels are microscopic in ICF when cells are resting
- Ca needs to be pumped into cells

Question 19

Is the concentration of HPO4- higher in the ECF or ICF? Why?

Answer 19

ICF, Phosphate is used in energy - which is mainly needed in cells
- Turns things on/off when binding to enzymes (in cells)
- Phosphate is used as energy storage for ATP

Question 20

Is the concentration of Mg higher in the ECF or ICF? Why?

Answer 20

ICF, Mg is a cofactor needed in chemical reactions within the cell

Question 21

If Na is present in one area, what ion will follow or be similar concentrations?

Answer 21

Cl

Question 22

Is the concentration of Glucose higher in the ECF or ICF? Why?

Answer 22

ECF, glucose is consumed in the cells to make energy. They require glucose transporters to get into the cell.

Question 23

Is the concentration of Proteins higher in the ECF or ICF? Why?

Answer 23

ICF, Proteins are BUILT and USED in the cell

Question 24

Is the concentration of Amino Acids higher in the ECF or ICF? Why?

Answer 24

ICF, Amino acids are used to build things in the cell

Question 25

Is the concentration of ATP higher in the ECF or ICF? Why?

Answer 25

ICF, Energy required to build things in the cell

Question 26

SO4-

Answer 26

Some forms can smell :)

Question 27

What is the normal (corrected) osmolarity for this class?

Answer 27

280-283

Question 28

What is expected regarding osmolarities of body compartments?

Answer 28

The osmolarities of all body compartments are typically very similar.

Question 29

What happens if there is an osmolarity difference?

Answer 29

If there's a difference, water moves across the cell wall to correct it. - water can move across pretty easy

Question 30

What is the total osmolarity of all the fluid in the body?

Answer 30

The total osmolarity of all the fluid in the body is about 300.

Question 31

What causes the Total Osmolarity (mOsm/L) to differ from the Corrected Osmolarity (mOsm/L)?

Answer 31

Ions like Na and Cl (opposite charges) clump together to form NaCl and dont function like separate ions. Other ions do this too. Total: 300 and is the # if all ions are operating seperately Corrected: 280-283 and is a better measurement of the normal physiological osmolarity.

Question 32

Enzyme with -kinase?

Answer 32

Adds a phosphate group

Question 33

Enzyme with -phosphatase?

Answer 33

removes a phosphate group